{"CFDocument":{"identifier":"56dbd92c-0e7c-472a-90a9-e7ceecd14612","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFDocuments/56dbd92c-0e7c-472a-90a9-e7ceecd14612","creator":"Idaho State Department of Education","title":"Idaho Content Standards Science (2022)","lastChangeDateTime":"2026-08-13T15:30:13+00:00","officialSourceURL":"https://www.sde.idaho.gov/academic/shared/science/ics-science-legislative.pdf","publisher":"Idaho State Department of Education","subject":["Science"],"language":"en","adoptionStatus":"Adopted","statusStartDate":"2022-07-01"},"CFItems":[{"identifier":"c3266075-fb1f-4d4c-9653-25f29154b3f7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c3266075-fb1f-4d4c-9653-25f29154b3f7","fullStatement":"Content Standards","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:35:01+00:00","CFItemType":"Competency Grouping","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Competency Grouping","identifier":"c55aae67-1ffe-4fe7-993d-900c0b0644ed","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/c55aae67-1ffe-4fe7-993d-900c0b0644ed"}},{"identifier":"483c35c4-d04b-4f53-8783-aa7446c0b504","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/483c35c4-d04b-4f53-8783-aa7446c0b504","fullStatement":"Kindergarten","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"158b937a-87e4-471d-b492-08752402c7a0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/158b937a-87e4-471d-b492-08752402c7a0","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"c62920ce-49c8-4bfa-a6e8-4567888dd859","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c62920ce-49c8-4bfa-a6e8-4567888dd859","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"0292b7e8-a4de-4955-9e3b-c3722a5ce332","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0292b7e8-a4de-4955-9e3b-c3722a5ce332","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **With guidance and support, plan and conduct an investigation to compare the effects of different strengths or different directions of pushes and pulls on the motion of an object.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of pushes or pulls could include a string attached to an object being pulled, a person pushing an object, a person stopping a rolling ball, and two objects colliding and pushing on eachother.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to different relative strengths or different directions, but not both at the same time. Assessment does not include non-contact pushes or pulls such as those produced by magnets.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0a6eb34e-3d54-4cf2-987d-5f50c06cb0c2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0a6eb34e-3d54-4cf2-987d-5f50c06cb0c2","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **With guidance and support, analyze data to determine if a design solution works as intended to change the motion of an object with a push or a pull.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of problems requiring a solution could include having a marble or other object move a certain distance, follow a particular path, and knock down other objects. Examples of solutions could include tools such as a ramp to increase the speed of the object and a structure that would cause an object such as a marble or ball to turn.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include friction as a mechanism for change in speed.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c56faaa8-3073-4ac7-bb77-761a29539b71","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c56faaa8-3073-4ac7-bb77-761a29539b71","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"72469c32-c6d3-4cdf-9c6b-c323c377401d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/72469c32-c6d3-4cdf-9c6b-c323c377401d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Make observations to determine the effect of the Sun\u2019s energy on the Earth\u2019s surface.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of Earth\u2019s surface could include sand, soil, rocks, and water.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of temperature is limited to relative measures such as warmer/cooler.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2b9d7b43-44a8-4cea-a31c-ccdbb812cf6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2b9d7b43-44a8-4cea-a31c-ccdbb812cf6d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Design and build a structure that will reduce the warming effect of the Sun\u2019s energy on a material.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-PS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of structures could include umbrellas, canopies, and tents that minimize the warming effect of the Sun on Earth\u2019s surface.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0e7ad94f-2564-45ec-8817-6267bcdd7f55","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0e7ad94f-2564-45ec-8817-6267bcdd7f55","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"c0bd3bc3-fb57-4d58-98ea-13935cdb95b6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c0bd3bc3-fb57-4d58-98ea-13935cdb95b6","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"K-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"1a36a22b-2fb1-4afa-ad1a-29e668eb28a8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1a36a22b-2fb1-4afa-ad1a-29e668eb28a8","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Use observations to describe how plants and animals are alike and different in terms of how they live and grow.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of observations could include that animals need to take in food, but plants produce their own; the different kinds of food needed by different types of animals; the requirement of plants to have light; and that all living things need water.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"abd5c434-00c2-4927-a8d0-800724d68e32","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/abd5c434-00c2-4927-a8d0-800724d68e32","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"6fc56150-dfb9-43ed-b2b7-2b443130f6b0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6fc56150-dfb9-43ed-b2b7-2b443130f6b0","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"311240a5-0e6d-4750-9fe2-ad9a14c079c0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/311240a5-0e6d-4750-9fe2-ad9a14c079c0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Use and share observations of local weather conditions to describe variations in patterns throughout the year.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of qualitative observations could include descriptions of the weather (such as sunny, cloudy, rainy, and warm); examples of quantitative observations could include numbers of sunny, windy, and rainy days in a month. Examples of patterns could include that it is usually cooler in the morning than in the afternoon and the number of sunny days versus cloudy days in different months.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of quantitative observations limited to whole numbers less than 20 and relative measures such as warmer/cooler.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"95677813-d126-449c-b62f-94141f4c6e98","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/95677813-d126-449c-b62f-94141f4c6e98","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **With guidance and support, use evidence to construct an explanation of how plants and animals interact with their environment to meet their needs.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of plants and animals changing their environment could include a squirrel digging in the ground to hide its food and that tree roots can break concrete.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"8704afa6-8260-4c07-9973-bd2df708d151","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8704afa6-8260-4c07-9973-bd2df708d151","fullStatement":"Weather and Climate","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"264498e6-7307-4cf9-8eb5-c1d807f8e222","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/264498e6-7307-4cf9-8eb5-c1d807f8e222","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Use a model to represent the relationship between the needs of different plants and animals and the places they live.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of relationships could include that deer eat buds and leaves therefore they usually live in forested areas and grasses need sunlight so they often grow in meadows. Plants, animals, and their surroundings make up a system.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a2097e76-5f90-4a3c-b6bd-fdd1ce22538a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a2097e76-5f90-4a3c-b6bd-fdd1ce22538a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Ask questions to obtain information about the purpose of weather forecasting to prepare for, and respond to, local weather.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on local forms of weather. Examples relating weather forecasting to preparing and responding could include using forecasts to plan for staying indoors during severe weather, going to cooling centers during heat waves, and covering windows before storms.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0644ccf8-ae3c-44bb-95d0-30095e4b0b1d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0644ccf8-ae3c-44bb-95d0-30095e4b0b1d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Communicate ideas that would enable humans to interact in a beneficial way with the land, water, air, and/or other living things in the local environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"K-ESS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of human influence on the land could include planting trees after a burn, protecting farm fields from erosion, or keeping plastic trash out of waterways.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["KG"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"4adcc772-096a-4766-af81-3d8c11fae0e3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4adcc772-096a-4766-af81-3d8c11fae0e3","fullStatement":"Grade 1","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"7c09556f-475c-46af-9a49-d30d7d2cba9c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7c09556f-475c-46af-9a49-d30d7d2cba9c","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"7c640f73-1386-47dd-9774-f5a51cdb28f6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7c640f73-1386-47dd-9774-f5a51cdb28f6","fullStatement":"Waves","humanCodingScheme":"1-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"b8ca0404-978a-4f53-bde9-00c80f93bf1c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b8ca0404-978a-4f53-bde9-00c80f93bf1c","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**With guidance and support, plan and conduct investigations to provide evidence that vibrating materials can make sound and that sound can make materials vibrate.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of vibrating materials that make sound could include tuning forks and plucking a stretched string. Examples of how sound can make matter vibrate could include holding a piece of paper near a speaker making sound and holding an object near a vibrating tuning fork.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"84ebaa56-df03-481e-8f01-428f9d29c85f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/84ebaa56-df03-481e-8f01-428f9d29c85f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**With guidance and support, make observations to construct an evidence-based explanation that objects in darkness can be seen only when illuminated.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of observations could include those made in a completely dark room, a pinhole box, and a video of a cave explorer with a flashlight. Illumination could be from an external light source or by an object giving off its own light.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"eb9e1d83-8954-403d-98bd-8f32cad6f06a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eb9e1d83-8954-403d-98bd-8f32cad6f06a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**With guidance and support, plan and conduct investigations to determine the effect of placing materials in the path of a beam of light.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of materials could include those that are transparent (such as clear plastic), translucent (such as wax paper), opaque (such as cardboard), and reflective (such as a mirror).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the speed of light.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"020e738d-3d63-45f2-9d34-3411f9801b9f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/020e738d-3d63-45f2-9d34-3411f9801b9f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Design and build a device that uses light or sound to communicate over a distance.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-PS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of devices could include a light source to send signals, paper cup and string \u201ctelephones,\u201d and a pattern of drumbeats.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include technological details for how communication devices work.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a70dd86d-9230-4030-8a89-a0d82c01a97e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a70dd86d-9230-4030-8a89-a0d82c01a97e","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"cd4b7c0b-7f25-49e1-924c-4ac3969cb769","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cd4b7c0b-7f25-49e1-924c-4ac3969cb769","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"76463830-bd02-4162-9579-7bb9fa034f26","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/76463830-bd02-4162-9579-7bb9fa034f26","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Design and build a solution to a human problem by mimicking how plants and/or animals use their external parts to help them survive, grow, and meet their needs.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of human problems that can be solved by mimicking plant or animal solutions could include: designing clothing or equipment to protect bicyclists by mimicking turtle shells, acorn shells, and animal scales; stabilizing structures by mimicking animal tails and roots on plants; keeping out intruders by mimicking thorns on branches and animal quills; and detecting intruders by mimicking eyes and ears.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"aa60fb2e-ae83-4d64-b7d4-09310aec0750","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/aa60fb2e-ae83-4d64-b7d4-09310aec0750","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain information to identify patterns of behavior in parents and offspring that help offspring survive.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Information should be obtained from text readings and media provided by the teacher. Examples of patterns of behaviors could include the signals that offspring make (such as crying, cheeping, and other vocalizations) and the responses of the parents (such as feeding, comforting, and protecting the offspring).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"bc86a21d-2f02-4907-aa24-824f1636a543","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bc86a21d-2f02-4907-aa24-824f1636a543","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use classification supported by evidence to differentiate between living and non-living items.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Use a chart or Venn diagram to sort objects or pictures into living and non-living items.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"58251059-8ad5-489f-af23-97115a80dba3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/58251059-8ad5-489f-af23-97115a80dba3","fullStatement":"Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"7e37bb68-7a59-462c-ab47-039240d3861e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7e37bb68-7a59-462c-ab47-039240d3861e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations to construct an evidence-based explanation that offspring are similar to, but not identical to, their parents.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-LS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of patterns could include features plants or animals share. Examples of observations could include that leaves from the same kind of plant are the same shape but can differ in size, and that a particular breed of dog looks like its parents, but is not exactly the same.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include inheritance or animals that undergo metamorphosis or hybrids.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"516b6331-7055-4ced-8ba9-64796c1b9522","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/516b6331-7055-4ced-8ba9-64796c1b9522","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"95c2f6b7-bd0f-4fc5-aeb2-0d25c4f5cc02","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/95c2f6b7-bd0f-4fc5-aeb2-0d25c4f5cc02","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"1-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"0b26adee-79c4-4ee9-b0be-901f50f7bf5e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0b26adee-79c4-4ee9-b0be-901f50f7bf5e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use observations of the Sun, Moon, and stars to describe patterns that can be predicted.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of patterns could include that the Sun and Moon appear to rise in one part of the sky, move across the sky, and set; and stars other than our Sun are visible at night but not during the day.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of star patterns is limited to stars being seen at night and not during the day.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"7f56415c-9c3e-4eed-90d7-4579f141ec6c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7f56415c-9c3e-4eed-90d7-4579f141ec6c","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations at different times of year to relate the amount of daylight to the time of year.**","humanCodingScheme":"1-ESS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on relative comparisons of the amount of daylight in the winter to the amount in the spring or fall.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to relative amounts of daylight, not quantifying the hours or time of daylight.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["01"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3d7c6181-cb32-4470-9a09-071c46df8dcf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3d7c6181-cb32-4470-9a09-071c46df8dcf","fullStatement":"Grade 2","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"08bc228e-f1b1-443b-b7b5-4249190d31ff","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/08bc228e-f1b1-443b-b7b5-4249190d31ff","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"8933c65a-6c2b-4892-b5a3-6e52ad19b316","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8933c65a-6c2b-4892-b5a3-6e52ad19b316","fullStatement":"Matter and Its Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"2-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"b1ac9ddf-2bb0-4b5b-8aa1-3e21dd4e3e14","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b1ac9ddf-2bb0-4b5b-8aa1-3e21dd4e3e14","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify different kinds of materials by their observable properties.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Observations could include color, texture, hardness, and flexibility. Patterns could include the similar properties that different materials share.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"76735155-7cb4-4886-b732-30cf1f2360d9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/76735155-7cb4-4886-b732-30cf1f2360d9","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze data obtained from testing different materials to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of properties could include strength, flexibility, hardness, texture, and absorbency.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of quantitative measurements is limited to length.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0dcceba7-aa19-4e4f-b863-52340d085e7d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0dcceba7-aa19-4e4f-b863-52340d085e7d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations to construct an evidence-based argument that objects, when disassembled, may be used to create new objects using the same set of components.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of pieces could include blocks, building bricks, or other assorted small objects.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"19589e41-8ed7-4dfd-92bb-0c751384dd81","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/19589e41-8ed7-4dfd-92bb-0c751384dd81","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument with evidence that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some cannot.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-PS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of reversible changes could include materials such as water and butter at different temperatures. Examples of irreversible changes could include cooking an egg, freezing a plant leaf, and heating paper.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"55bd1c53-cafa-4e80-aa2f-5d46a1722097","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/55bd1c53-cafa-4e80-aa2f-5d46a1722097","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"1156ba43-9ee6-4de7-a8bb-17103948e0ea","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1156ba43-9ee6-4de7-a8bb-17103948e0ea","fullStatement":"Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics","humanCodingScheme":"2-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"751f5631-59c1-4ac6-8078-15b7b5176cab","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/751f5631-59c1-4ac6-8078-15b7b5176cab","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to determine the impact of light and water on the growth of plants.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-LS-1.1","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to testing one variable at a time.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c384a06e-c69d-4e36-ac83-32aeda6b5475","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c384a06e-c69d-4e36-ac83-32aeda6b5475","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model that demonstrates how plants depend on animals for pollination or the dispersal of seeds.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-LS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the interaction between animals and plants rather than all forms of pollination and seed dispersal.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e778fd4f-9c13-49ce-bcd9-775fe2f6dbe0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e778fd4f-9c13-49ce-bcd9-775fe2f6dbe0","fullStatement":"Biological Adaptation: Unity and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"2-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"18cdc141-0c3d-45d9-a8bc-d38c7c7e166b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/18cdc141-0c3d-45d9-a8bc-d38c7c7e166b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-LS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the diversity of living things in each of a variety of different habitats.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific animal and plant names in specific habitats.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f1917c3d-11ff-40fb-8e5a-39e1ece6d56c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f1917c3d-11ff-40fb-8e5a-39e1ece6d56c","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"aa7e0970-16ea-4d5f-a3a4-e51dd807baae","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/aa7e0970-16ea-4d5f-a3a4-e51dd807baae","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"ab320574-b689-445f-9373-6ec1922c9dd7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ab320574-b689-445f-9373-6ec1922c9dd7","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use information from several sources to provide evidence that Earth events can occur quickly or slowly.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of events and timescales could include volcanic explosions and earthquakes, which happen quickly, and erosion of rocks, which occurs slowly.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative measurements of timescales.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"73003832-791b-4702-a101-c780e629b871","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/73003832-791b-4702-a101-c780e629b871","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"bf94acdd-28dd-42e1-b5c1-ef875d3f59c8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bf94acdd-28dd-42e1-b5c1-ef875d3f59c8","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Compare multiple solutions designed to slow or prevent wind or water from changing the shape of the land.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of solutions could include different designs of dikes and windbreaks to hold back wind and water, and different designs for using shrubs, grass, and trees to hold back the land.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0a4f8b1a-e9b2-46f2-a54c-8adb7c5f6597","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0a4f8b1a-e9b2-46f2-a54c-8adb7c5f6597","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to represent the shapes and kinds of land and bodies of water in an area.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative scaling in models.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c78d58db-e28c-4b00-a5a6-77883aed2115","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c78d58db-e28c-4b00-a5a6-77883aed2115","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid.**","humanCodingScheme":"2-ESS-2.3","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"405e071d-be4a-435b-90da-f96ec2fad154","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/405e071d-be4a-435b-90da-f96ec2fad154","fullStatement":"Grade 3","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"df4d385a-1ce8-4e2d-8768-7953cf8f1396","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/df4d385a-1ce8-4e2d-8768-7953cf8f1396","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"52655a02-698a-44f9-82f0-879a4d4ba5c4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/52655a02-698a-44f9-82f0-879a4d4ba5c4","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"3-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"ea048132-2b4e-4c84-b983-390afcc2caf0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ea048132-2b4e-4c84-b983-390afcc2caf0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples could include that an unbalanced force on one side of a ball can make it start moving; and that balanced forces pushing on a box from both sides will not produce any motion at all.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to one variable at a time: number, size, or direction of forces. Assessment does not include quantitative force size, only qualitative and relative. Assessment is limited to gravity being addressed as a force that pulls objects down.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"4fdabdf0-63b6-4132-942f-1968f1c8cc23","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4fdabdf0-63b6-4132-942f-1968f1c8cc23","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations and/or measurements of an object\u2019s motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of motion with a predictable pattern could include a child swinging in a swing, a ball rolling back and forth in a bowl, and two children on a see-saw.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include technical terms such as period and frequency.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e1bb959a-b3b3-4389-ab17-aca6770fa194","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e1bb959a-b3b3-4389-ab17-aca6770fa194","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions to determine cause and effect relationships of static electricity or magnetic interactions between two objects not in contact with each other.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** An example of static electricity force could include the force on hair from an electrically charged balloon. Examples of a magnetic force could include the force between two permanent magnets, the force between an electromagnet and steel paper clips, and the force exerted by one magnet versus the force exerted by two magnets. Examples of cause and effect relationships could include how the distance between objects affects strength of the force and how the orientation of magnets affects the direction of the magnetic force.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to forces produced by objects that can be manipulated by students, and electrical interactions are limited to static electricity.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3be72942-7aa6-4a94-96c3-ba5deede02be","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3be72942-7aa6-4a94-96c3-ba5deede02be","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Define a problem that can be solved by applying scientific ideas about magnets.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-PS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of problems could include constructing a latch to keep a door shut and creating a device to keep two moving objects from touching each other.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f5176fbb-aa6d-4082-9e98-da3681d8caf5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f5176fbb-aa6d-4082-9e98-da3681d8caf5","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"ea356009-ef8d-4249-aca8-5d56b5255cc4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ea356009-ef8d-4249-aca8-5d56b5255cc4","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"0cb2b829-4e34-4407-a669-11ddbbd23884","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0cb2b829-4e34-4407-a669-11ddbbd23884","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop models to demonstrate that living things, although they have unique and diverse life cycles, all have birth, growth, reproduction, and death in common.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Changes organisms go through during their life form a pattern.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of plant life cycles is limited to those of flowering plants. Assessment does not include details of human reproduction.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f21ca4eb-3e60-4db2-b683-5fa243bd3fb2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f21ca4eb-3e60-4db2-b683-5fa243bd3fb2","fullStatement":"Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"a02bc1cd-5210-450b-9ccf-c5689cafcfad","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a02bc1cd-5210-450b-9ccf-c5689cafcfad","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument that some animals form groups that help members survive.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-2.1","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"28677a97-f688-4483-a1e8-2b044ae7d522","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/28677a97-f688-4483-a1e8-2b044ae7d522","fullStatement":"Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"ae1eccf1-c75c-4565-a4f6-97e600d37203","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ae1eccf1-c75c-4565-a4f6-97e600d37203","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence that plants and animals have traits inherited from parents and that variation of these traits exists in a group of similar organisms.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Patterns are the similarities and differences in traits shared between offspring and their parents, or among siblings. Emphasis is on non-human organisms.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include genetic mechanisms of inheritance and prediction of traits. Assessment is limited to non-human examples.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"02cce2fd-98c4-40da-8f53-888fdba64d38","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/02cce2fd-98c4-40da-8f53-888fdba64d38","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use evidence to support the explanation that traits can be influenced by the environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of the environment affecting a trait could include that normally tall plants grown with insufficient water are stunted, and a pet dog that is given too much food and little exercise may become overweight.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5a736c01-536b-4329-bac9-7d95dcd55a52","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5a736c01-536b-4329-bac9-7d95dcd55a52","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument with evidence that in a particular habitat some organisms can survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-LS-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence could include needs, characteristics of the organisms, and habitats involved. The organisms and their habitat make up a system in which the parts depend on each other.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b97f2639-11c1-4dc1-8188-84b9d135d290","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b97f2639-11c1-4dc1-8188-84b9d135d290","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"5b58567a-972c-4e5a-881c-38044da09178","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5b58567a-972c-4e5a-881c-38044da09178","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"3-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"16e345a7-1821-4e68-bf34-52ef96dee6cc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/16e345a7-1821-4e68-bf34-52ef96dee6cc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Represent data in tables and graphical displays to describe typical weather conditions expected during a particular season.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data could include average temperature, precipitation, and wind direction.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of graphical displays is limited to pictographs and bar graphs. Assessment does not include climate change.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e600a797-0dee-4503-b13d-446c63e69f5e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e600a797-0dee-4503-b13d-446c63e69f5e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain and combine information to describe climates in different regions of the world.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-ESS-1.2","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"7851d7c6-9604-4e50-acf9-28405a1ae03d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7851d7c6-9604-4e50-acf9-28405a1ae03d","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"3-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"2cb53a57-eb0e-45f8-93f5-dc26a91ef08b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2cb53a57-eb0e-45f8-93f5-dc26a91ef08b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make a claim about the merit of a design solution that reduces the impacts of a weather-related hazard.**","humanCodingScheme":"3-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of design solutions to weather-related hazards could include barriers to prevent flooding, wind-resistant roofs, and lightning rods.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["03"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"8149a34d-fc75-4d71-8e2c-8b7be3fda5f8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8149a34d-fc75-4d71-8e2c-8b7be3fda5f8","fullStatement":"Grade 4","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e5846e41-787c-4602-b528-fc59eac2ef2e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e5846e41-787c-4602-b528-fc59eac2ef2e","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"3ed3b10c-2b50-4e00-920e-4625fda6bb5a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3ed3b10c-2b50-4e00-920e-4625fda6bb5a","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"c3b0910b-bbf5-41b3-bb64-87a64d17b6b2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c3b0910b-bbf5-41b3-bb64-87a64d17b6b2","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-1.1","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative measures of changes in the speed of an object or any precise or quantitative definition of energy.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d0a757a6-520b-4724-b194-a6db03f27cfd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d0a757a6-520b-4724-b194-a6db03f27cfd","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations to provide evidence that energy can be transferred by heat, sound, light, and electric currents.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-1.2","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative measurements of energy.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1d18c4a6-a147-4182-902e-924cb7c39712","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1d18c4a6-a147-4182-902e-924cb7c39712","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the change in the energy due to the change in speed, not on the forces, as objects interact.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative measurements of energy.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3d61beaa-1447-4464-92be-8ba74aa04ce6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3d61beaa-1447-4464-92be-8ba74aa04ce6","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of devices could include electric circuits that convert electrical energy into motion energy of a vehicle, light, or sound, and a passive solar heater that converts light into heat. Examples of constraints could include the materials, cost, or time to design the device.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Devices should be limited to those that convert motion energy to electric energy or use stored energy to cause motion or produce light or sound.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1b6d49b4-0fa2-4389-a2b0-d02cf37c3bdf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1b6d49b4-0fa2-4389-a2b0-d02cf37c3bdf","fullStatement":"Waves","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"139e4d88-9329-4eea-b62e-b459b6cd8568","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/139e4d88-9329-4eea-b62e-b459b6cd8568","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model of a simple mechanical wave to describe patterns of amplitude and wavelength and that waves can cause objects to move.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of models could include diagrams, analogies, and physical models using wire to illustrate wavelength and amplitude of waves.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include interference effects, electromagnetic waves, nonperiodic waves, or quantitative models of amplitude and wavelength.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"82c9e674-de86-4fa6-80f5-27524cafc852","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/82c9e674-de86-4fa6-80f5-27524cafc852","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe that light reflecting from objects and entering the eye allows objects to be seen.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-2.2","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include knowledge of specific colors reflected and seen, the cellular mechanisms of vision, or how the retina works.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ee2c79b8-bf5e-45b4-8614-f26faa39b00e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ee2c79b8-bf5e-45b4-8614-f26faa39b00e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Generate and compare multiple solutions that use patterns to transfer information.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-PS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of solutions could include drums sending coded information through sound waves, using a grid of 1s and 0s representing black and white to send information about a picture, and using Morse code to send text.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fbe8f297-e848-4a58-b01d-c037ec370a99","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fbe8f297-e848-4a58-b01d-c037ec370a99","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"20d99736-0930-42a3-8361-2114e6343cc4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/20d99736-0930-42a3-8361-2114e6343cc4","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"4-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"73418cef-3680-4bbe-81cb-f1f06d62d879","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/73418cef-3680-4bbe-81cb-f1f06d62d879","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of structures could include thorns, stems, roots, colored petals, heart, stomach, lung, brain, and skin.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to macroscopic structures within plant and animal systems.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d5afae20-f83d-4d2f-b90c-e833da70eb71","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d5afae20-f83d-4d2f-b90c-e833da70eb71","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use a model to describe how animals receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and respond to the information in different ways.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-LS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on systems of information transfer.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the mechanisms by which the brain stores and recalls information or the mechanisms of how sensory receptors function.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ecb00a70-f555-4114-b7dc-297ffdda0b15","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ecb00a70-f555-4114-b7dc-297ffdda0b15","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"7a4404e5-bdb4-439f-9600-0e71e4f11b1c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7a4404e5-bdb4-439f-9600-0e71e4f11b1c","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"d0abc01a-34c6-43ee-b57b-8c4f813e85e0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d0abc01a-34c6-43ee-b57b-8c4f813e85e0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Identify evidence from patterns in rock formations and fossils in rock layers for changes in a landscape over time to support an explanation for changes in a landscape over time.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence from patterns could include rock layers with marine shell fossils above rock layers with plant fossils and no shells, indicating a change from land to water over time; and a canyon with different rock layers in the walls and a river in the bottom, indicating that over time a river cut through the rock.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific knowledge of the mechanism of rock formation or memorization of specific rock formations and layers. Assessment is limited to relative time.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6f8c0cc8-41ac-4be0-83e6-1009b07fde31","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6f8c0cc8-41ac-4be0-83e6-1009b07fde31","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"1690da3c-056a-4913-845d-738d0139b51e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1690da3c-056a-4913-845d-738d0139b51e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations and/or measurements to provide evidence of the effects of weathering or the rate of erosion by water, ice, wind, or vegetation.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of variables to test could include angle of slope in the downhill movement of water, amount of vegetation, speed of wind, relative rate of deposition, cycles of freezing and thawing of water, cycles of heating and cooling, and volume of water flow.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to a single form of weathering or erosion.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b162b0bd-790a-4ebd-b581-9fbbe6937bf5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b162b0bd-790a-4ebd-b581-9fbbe6937bf5","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data from maps to describe patterns of Earth\u2019s features.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Maps can include topographic maps of Earth\u2019s land and ocean floor, as well as maps of the locations of mountains, continental boundaries, volcanoes, and earthquakes.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3c9f4485-4e36-47ed-8f85-4aaf33f5fed8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3c9f4485-4e36-47ed-8f85-4aaf33f5fed8","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"0e72feae-b3dd-46da-ab3b-47c234b29402","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0e72feae-b3dd-46da-ab3b-47c234b29402","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain and combine information to describe that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and their uses affect the environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of renewable energy resources could include wind energy, water behind dams, and sunlight; non-renewable energy resources are fossil fuels and atomic energy. Examples of environmental effects could include biological effects from moving parts, erosion, change of habitat, and pollution.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d653a4ab-09a8-4b4f-845a-6ce6292827bc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d653a4ab-09a8-4b4f-845a-6ce6292827bc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans.**","humanCodingScheme":"4-ESS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of solutions could include designing an earthquake-resistant building and improving monitoring of volcanic activity.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["04"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d3d646ac-e282-498a-a96c-57128105b559","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d3d646ac-e282-498a-a96c-57128105b559","fullStatement":"Grade 5","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"0a9e331a-8cac-4fb0-884a-50ae6f0bcda6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0a9e331a-8cac-4fb0-884a-50ae6f0bcda6","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"800db878-6366-4011-9a96-9c248f00997d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/800db878-6366-4011-9a96-9c248f00997d","fullStatement":"Matter and Its Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"a7e048b7-1605-46b2-b68d-6abe95fa8847","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a7e048b7-1605-46b2-b68d-6abe95fa8847","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence supporting a model could include adding air to expand a basketball, compressing air in a syringe, dissolving sugar in water, and evaporating salt water.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the atomic-scale mechanism of evaporation and condensation or defining the unseen particles.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"9289112b-dfa0-4d92-ab59-c96fe5aba40f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9289112b-dfa0-4d92-ab59-c96fe5aba40f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Measure and graph quantities to provide evidence that regardless of the type of change that occurs when heating, cooling, or mixing substances, the total weight of matter is conserved.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of reactions or changes could include phase changes, dissolving, and mixing that form new substances.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include distinguishing mass and weight.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"88656274-88a7-413f-a981-929e64555413","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/88656274-88a7-413f-a981-929e64555413","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of materials to be identified could include baking soda and other powders, metals, minerals, and liquids. Examples of properties could include color, hardness, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, response to magnetic forces, and solubility; density is not intended as an identifiable property.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include density or distinguishing mass and weight.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3bae143f-b824-4808-b482-ab4d9be38d88","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3bae143f-b824-4808-b482-ab4d9be38d88","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Conduct an investigation to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-1.4","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6013ec2d-988f-4b73-b037-cba64790ddf1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6013ec2d-988f-4b73-b037-cba64790ddf1","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"5ccdff91-80be-4186-8d43-66914db42930","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5ccdff91-80be-4186-8d43-66914db42930","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Support an argument that Earth\u2019s gravitational force exerted on objects is directed downward.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** \u201cDownward\u201d is a local description of the direction that points toward the center of the spherical Earth. Examples could include reasoning that since an object that is initially stationary when held moves downward when it is released, there must be a force (gravity) acting on the object that pulls the object toward the center of Earth.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include mathematical representation of gravitational force.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2d1c9076-0a50-4683-831e-d2f7c7294497","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2d1c9076-0a50-4683-831e-d2f7c7294497","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"04de3ac6-3104-4cab-b2c0-1f7462c5ec6e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/04de3ac6-3104-4cab-b2c0-1f7462c5ec6e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use models to describe that energy in animals\u2019 food (used for body repair, growth, motion, and to maintain body warmth) was once energy from the Sun.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-PS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of models could include diagrams and flow charts.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ce11de05-f643-4070-aca8-950352ae935a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ce11de05-f643-4070-aca8-950352ae935a","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"91ec6ba7-edf4-4c38-9393-95362f2a6119","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/91ec6ba7-edf4-4c38-9393-95362f2a6119","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structure and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"17f62e41-f5b2-4001-9a42-9e2d48f51888","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/17f62e41-f5b2-4001-9a42-9e2d48f51888","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Support an argument that plants get what they need for growth chiefly from air, water, and energy from the Sun.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the idea that plant matter comes mostly from air and water, not from the soil.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fce45a2e-5193-471f-a0c8-3a619d0e0b30","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fce45a2e-5193-471f-a0c8-3a619d0e0b30","fullStatement":"Biological Adaptation: Unity and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"052a0c3b-c52a-401a-b29f-3e98cecf6865","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/052a0c3b-c52a-401a-b29f-3e98cecf6865","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data from fossils to provide evidence of the types of organisms and the environments that existed long ago and compare those to living organisms and their environments.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data could include type, size, and distributions of fossil organisms. Examples of fossils and environments could include marine fossils found on dry land, tropical plant fossils found in Arctic areas, and fossils of extinct organisms.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include identification of specific fossils or present plants and animals. Assessment is limited to major fossil types and relative ages.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"db60ee49-926f-49b7-94f6-4cb4c9354fe6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/db60ee49-926f-49b7-94f6-4cb4c9354fe6","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument with evidence for how the variations in characteristics among individuals of the same species may provide advantages in surviving, finding mates, and reproducing.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of cause and effect relationships could be that plants that have larger thorns than other plants may be less likely to be eaten by predators, and animals that have better camouflage coloration than other animals may be more likely to survive and therefore more likely to leave offspring.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"38c824df-a1da-4161-af7b-89692867349c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/38c824df-a1da-4161-af7b-89692867349c","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make a claim about the merit of a solution to a problem caused when the environment changes and the types of plants and animals living there may change.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of environmental changes could include changes in land characteristics, water distribution, temperature, food, and other organisms.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to a single environmental change. Assessment does not include the greenhouse effect or climate change.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"96c55654-ab98-4a22-ae55-e6c1c22c4e82","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/96c55654-ab98-4a22-ae55-e6c1c22c4e82","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-LS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the idea that matter that is not food (air, water, decomposed materials in soil) is changed by plants into matter that is food. Examples of systems could include organisms, ecosystems, and the Earth.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include molecular explanations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2b26cbf6-e46d-4208-876a-95fa8db3c835","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2b26cbf6-e46d-4208-876a-95fa8db3c835","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"3c8bd7bd-ef10-4de5-8316-27390c12a2da","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3c8bd7bd-ef10-4de5-8316-27390c12a2da","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"5bc54e2e-49e0-4f71-816d-04dfa701b07a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5bc54e2e-49e0-4f71-816d-04dfa701b07a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Support an argument that differences in the apparent brightness of the Sun compared to other stars is due to their relative distances from the Earth.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to relative distances, not sizes, of stars. Assessment does not include other factors that affect apparent brightness (such as stellar masses, age, or stage).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6185dc16-1b20-478e-a6d7-196b5a583ac8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6185dc16-1b20-478e-a6d7-196b5a583ac8","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Represent data in graphical displays to reveal patterns of daily changes in length and direction of shadows, day and night, and the seasonal appearance of some stars in the night sky.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of patterns could include the position and motion of Earth with respect to the Sun and selected stars that are visible only in particular months.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include causes of seasons.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"89c72189-f608-4fb2-b537-1281de10f25c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/89c72189-f608-4fb2-b537-1281de10f25c","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"6d37da6c-91ac-436e-a1f4-c3722e934e8b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6d37da6c-91ac-436e-a1f4-c3722e934e8b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model using an example to describe ways the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and/or atmosphere interact.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples could include the influence of the ocean on ecosystems, landform shape, and climate; the influence of the atmosphere on landforms and ecosystems through weather and climate; and the influence of mountain ranges on winds and clouds in the atmosphere. The geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere are each a system.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to the interactions of two systems at a time.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fc08eab4-cb83-408e-81cb-bbfbac2af923","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fc08eab4-cb83-408e-81cb-bbfbac2af923","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Describe and graph the relative amounts of fresh and salt water in various reservoirs, to interpret and analyze the distribution of water on Earth.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, groundwater, and polar ice caps, and does not include the atmosphere.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fa8a736a-0e1f-47e4-8370-4cccd27ff2c1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fa8a736a-0e1f-47e4-8370-4cccd27ff2c1","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"487838ff-f412-4fbd-b01f-a79a15138dac","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/487838ff-f412-4fbd-b01f-a79a15138dac","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain and combine information about ways communities protect Earth's resources and environment using scientific ideas.**","humanCodingScheme":"5-ESS-3.1","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"4aed57f9-8212-4f78-bf37-c31e2dc791f1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4aed57f9-8212-4f78-bf37-c31e2dc791f1","fullStatement":"Middle School (Grades 6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e8cf1ca0-3399-4839-a67b-776a1c0378dd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e8cf1ca0-3399-4839-a67b-776a1c0378dd","fullStatement":"Physical Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"4aaf5412-7909-4907-a8a6-bc613bf00478","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4aaf5412-7909-4907-a8a6-bc613bf00478","fullStatement":"Matter and Its Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"f3b5dfae-01ec-4699-b91f-0fea54a07359","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f3b5dfae-01ec-4699-b91f-0fea54a07359","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on developing models of molecules that vary in complexity. Examples of simple molecules could include ammonia and methanol. Examples of models could include drawings, 3D ball and stick structures, or computer representations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include valence electrons and bonding energy, the ionic nature of subunits of complex structures, or a complete depiction of all individual atoms in a complex molecule or extended structure.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5771e8d5-bc58-4d27-9495-b1780826f75b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5771e8d5-bc58-4d27-9495-b1780826f75b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of reactions could include burning sugar or steel wool, fat reacting with sodium hydroxide, and mixing zinc with hydrogen chloride.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to analysis of the following properties: density, melting point, boiling point, solubility, flammability, and odor.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f7883d04-b27d-4f81-81aa-3ca478b81619","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f7883d04-b27d-4f81-81aa-3ca478b81619","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct a scientific explanation, based on evidence, to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on natural resources that undergo a chemical process to form the synthetic material. Examples of new materials could include new medicine, foods, plastics, and alternative fuels.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to qualitative information.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1266755b-5e24-4116-b909-04f07ec1cc59","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1266755b-5e24-4116-b909-04f07ec1cc59","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on qualitative molecular-level models of solids, liquids, and gases to show that adding or removing thermal energy increases or decreases kinetic energy of the particles until a change of state occurs. Examples of models could include drawings and diagrams. Examples of particles could include molecules or inert atoms. Examples of pure substances could include water, carbon dioxide, and helium.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5b5c19c2-5da0-4eed-9fda-b600c7f3050e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5b5c19c2-5da0-4eed-9fda-b600c7f3050e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on law of conservation of matter and on physical models or drawings, including digital forms, that represent atoms.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the use of atomic masses, balancing symbolic equations, or intermolecular forces.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"91d7e76c-1143-4cf6-9f41-5d55d115c24b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/91d7e76c-1143-4cf6-9f41-5d55d115c24b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Undertake a design project to construct, test, and/or modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-1.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the design, controlling the transfer of energy to the environment, and modification of a device using factors such as type and concentration of a substance. Examples of designs could involve chemical reactions such as dissolving ammonium chloride or calcium chloride (i.e., hand-warmers).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to the criteria of amount, time, and temperature of substance in testing the device.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d1a325e6-e82d-4538-bbd3-53634832817f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d1a325e6-e82d-4538-bbd3-53634832817f","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"2f420a6e-6577-439f-ab0c-29a7c8e9d2dc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2f420a6e-6577-439f-ab0c-29a7c8e9d2dc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply Newton\u2019s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of practical problems could include the impact of collisions between two cars, between a car and stationary objects, and between a meteor and a space vehicle.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to vertical or horizontal interactions in one dimension.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ab17b87f-3296-43f8-a004-1af737b5c594","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ab17b87f-3296-43f8-a004-1af737b5c594","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object\u2019s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on balanced (Newton\u2019s First Law) and unbalanced forces in a system, qualitative comparisons of forces, mass and changes in motion (Newton\u2019s Second Law), frame of reference, and specification of units.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to forces and changes in motion in one dimension in an inertial reference frame and to changes in one variable at a time. Assessment does not include the use of trigonometry.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d700e378-c5eb-4a33-b39b-76f16b7bb574","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d700e378-c5eb-4a33-b39b-76f16b7bb574","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions about data to determine the factors that affect the strength of electric and magnetic forces.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of devices that use electric and magnetic forces could include electromagnets, electric motors, or generators. Examples of data could include the effect of the number of turns of wire on the strength of an electromagnet, or the effect of increasing the number or strength of magnets on the speed of an electric motor.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment about questions that require quantitative answers is limited to proportional reasoning and algebraic thinking.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"03cc3b1a-8bcb-43e6-b1e9-9a048c922ca4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/03cc3b1a-8bcb-43e6-b1e9-9a048c922ca4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence for arguments could include data generated from simulations or digital tools, and charts displaying mass, strength of interaction, distance from the Sun, and orbital periods of objects within the solar system.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include Newton\u2019s Law of Gravitation or Kepler\u2019s Laws.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c23b2cfe-8ce5-4917-a17e-8199b3595757","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c23b2cfe-8ce5-4917-a17e-8199b3595757","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of this phenomenon could include the interactions of magnets, electrically charged strips of tape, and electrically charged pith balls. Examples of investigations could include first-hand experiences or simulations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to electric and magnetic fields, and limited to qualitative evidence for the existence of fields.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"56134591-9aca-42fe-8f03-f987b398ef20","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/56134591-9aca-42fe-8f03-f987b398ef20","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"83e2fdaf-e7a5-44b6-9437-11d3b54aa13f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/83e2fdaf-e7a5-44b6-9437-11d3b54aa13f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on descriptive relationships between kinetic energy and mass separately from kinetic energy and speed. Examples could include riding a bicycle at different speeds, rolling different sizes of rocks downhill, and getting hit by a wiffle ball versus a tennis ball.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c7f15824-e61d-4f1d-9612-f9121c900901","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c7f15824-e61d-4f1d-9612-f9121c900901","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the relationship between the relative positions of objects interacting at a distance and the relative potential energy in the system.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on relative amounts of potential energy, not on calculations of potential energy. Examples of objects within systems interacting at varying distances could include: the Earth and either a roller coaster cart at varying positions on a hill or objects at varying heights on shelves, changing the direction/orientation of a magnet, and a balloon with static electrical charge being brought closer to a classmate\u2019s hair. Examples of models could include representations, diagrams, pictures, and written descriptions of systems.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to two objects and electric, magnetic, and gravitational interactions.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"21d045cc-7ffc-4b24-a915-f53c9c34dd56","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/21d045cc-7ffc-4b24-a915-f53c9c34dd56","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of devices could include an insulated box, a solar cooker, and a Styrofoam cup.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include calculating the total amount of thermal energy transferred.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"81d61562-8cb5-425e-b4f7-b386f6fc11a3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/81d61562-8cb5-425e-b4f7-b386f6fc11a3","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of experiments could include comparing final water temperatures after different masses of ice melted in the same volume of water with the same initial temperature, the temperature change of samples of different materials with the same mass as they cool or heat in the environment, or the final temperature of samples of the same material with different masses when a specific amount of energy is added.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include calculating the total amount of thermal energy transferred.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"58f91da8-568b-4923-8ce1-ef6d35104355","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/58f91da8-568b-4923-8ce1-ef6d35104355","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct, use, and present arguments to support the claim that when the kinetic energy of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-3.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of empirical evidence used in arguments could include an inventory or other representation of the energy before and after the transfer in the form of temperature changes or motion of object.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include calculations of energy.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"4ec29989-787f-4df1-bed1-b1a71eee4859","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4ec29989-787f-4df1-bed1-b1a71eee4859","fullStatement":"Waves","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-4","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"1b62c458-b7f0-4807-8855-919bb0c94344","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1b62c458-b7f0-4807-8855-919bb0c94344","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use diagrams of a simple wave to explain that (1) a wave has a repeating pattern with a specific amplitude, frequency, and wavelength, and (2) the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in the wave.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-4.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on describing waves with both qualitative and quantitative thinking.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include electromagnetic waves and is limited to standard repeating waves.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0bfc88ca-3451-4e67-a57d-283fc8acdd3c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0bfc88ca-3451-4e67-a57d-283fc8acdd3c","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-4.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on both light and mechanical waves. Examples of models could include drawings, simulations, and written descriptions.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to qualitative applications pertaining to light and mechanical waves.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0ca63f4a-7c17-4e34-b2fa-930701485c32","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0ca63f4a-7c17-4e34-b2fa-930701485c32","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Present qualitative scientific and technical information to support the claim that digitized signals (0s and 1s) can be used to encode and transmit information.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-PS-4.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on a basic understanding that waves can be used for communication purposes. Examples could include using fiber optic cable to transmit light pulses, radio wave pulses in WIFI devices, and conversion of stored binary patterns to make sound or text on a computer screen.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include binary counting. Assessment does not include the specific mechanism of any given device.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5cf8d80d-a03b-4f9b-b724-42ca8d102717","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5cf8d80d-a03b-4f9b-b724-42ca8d102717","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"b84fd31b-e076-4ced-8cff-0c30700a0be5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b84fd31b-e076-4ced-8cff-0c30700a0be5","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structure and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"889ea086-53b1-47ef-95b1-88e2ecccba7b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/889ea086-53b1-47ef-95b1-88e2ecccba7b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells; either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on developing evidence that living things are made of cells, distinguishing between living and non-living things, and understanding that living things may be made of one cell or many and varied cells.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2221e7a5-c565-429c-a665-b58adb0cb578","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2221e7a5-c565-429c-a665-b58adb0cb578","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the cell functioning as a whole system and the primary role of identified parts of the cell, specifically the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell membrane, and cell wall. These are visible with a light microscope.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of organelle structure/function relationships is limited to the cell wall and cell membrane. Assessment of the function of the other organelles is limited to their relationship to the whole cell. Assessment does not include the biochemical function of cells or cell parts.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"64f9f071-2370-47fa-99b4-15c612c771b5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/64f9f071-2370-47fa-99b4-15c612c771b5","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make a claim supported by evidence for how a living organism is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the conceptual understanding that cells form tissues and tissues form organs specialized for particular body functions. Examples could include the interaction of subsystems within a system and the normal functioning of those systems.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the mechanism of one body system independent of others. Assessment is not focused on human body systems.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"de488c5c-0540-4611-b7e9-509685867fc4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/de488c5c-0540-4611-b7e9-509685867fc4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct a scientific argument based on evidence to defend a claim of life for a specific object or organism.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples should include both biotic and abiotic items, and should be defended using accepted characteristics of life.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific conclusions regarding the living status of viruses, or other disputed examples.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e08b6f70-b157-4061-b03d-6ec971790e10","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e08b6f70-b157-4061-b03d-6ec971790e10","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on tracing movement of matter and flow of energy.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the biochemical mechanisms of photosynthesis.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c2ebcc50-a35a-4e09-9298-df70157cb472","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c2ebcc50-a35a-4e09-9298-df70157cb472","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a conceptual model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as matter moves through an organism.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-1.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on describing that molecules are broken apart and put back together and that in this process, energy is released and on understanding that the elements in the products are the same as the elements in the reactants.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include details of the chemical reactions for photosynthesis or respiration.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"8656d99a-7f03-4b33-9790-d2c5b11bd82f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8656d99a-7f03-4b33-9790-d2c5b11bd82f","fullStatement":"Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"25db6b46-b649-4813-acd8-85631a2521fd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/25db6b46-b649-4813-acd8-85631a2521fd","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on cause and effect relationships between resources and growth of individual organisms and the numbers of organisms in ecosystems during periods of abundant and scarce resources.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a379555d-97cf-468f-8f1b-171500659b1a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a379555d-97cf-468f-8f1b-171500659b1a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on predicting consistent patterns of interactions in different ecosystems in terms of the relationships among and between organisms and abiotic components of ecosystems. Examples of types of interactions could include competitive, predatory, and mutually beneficial.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0e1e88e3-7f71-4785-8fe3-c7ce848d0b89","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0e1e88e3-7f71-4785-8fe3-c7ce848d0b89","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on describing the conservation of matter and flow of energy into and out of various ecosystems, and on defining the boundaries of the system.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the use of chemical reactions to describe the processes.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"96cba56d-1c57-49a2-adaf-84198c85c57d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/96cba56d-1c57-49a2-adaf-84198c85c57d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the flow of energy through the trophic levels of an ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on describing the transfer of mass and energy, beginning with producers, moving to primary and secondary consumers, and ending with decomposers.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the use of chemical reactions to describe the processes.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0d6d3da3-e791-4408-a7d1-7d7ffe79b988","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0d6d3da3-e791-4408-a7d1-7d7ffe79b988","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument supported by evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on recognizing patterns in data and making warranted inferences about changes in populations, and on evaluating empirical evidence supporting arguments about changes to ecosystems.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e1d55ad7-897b-4e75-8e81-be0556ea495b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e1d55ad7-897b-4e75-8e81-be0556ea495b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Design and evaluate solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-2.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of ecosystem services could include water purification, nutrient recycling, and prevention of soil erosion. Examples of design solution constraints could include scientific, economic, and social considerations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"15f46607-a359-495e-ae54-2d2e55b92fdb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/15f46607-a359-495e-ae54-2d2e55b92fdb","fullStatement":"Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"9c122f6b-57fe-4bbd-94e8-f8bc3f04361e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9c122f6b-57fe-4bbd-94e8-f8bc3f04361e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe why mutations may result in harmful, beneficial, or neutral effects to the structure and function of the organism.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on conceptual understanding that changes in genetic material may result in making different proteins.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific changes at the molecular level, mechanisms for protein synthesis, or specific types of mutations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c6478377-e47d-4cc7-8d56-1eb7b295e8a9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c6478377-e47d-4cc7-8d56-1eb7b295e8a9","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe why asexual reproduction results in offspring with identical genetic information and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using models such as simple Punnett squares and pedigrees, diagrams, and simulations to describe the cause and effect relationship of gene transmission from parent(s) to offspring and resulting genetic variation.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"832cf5bb-3dc8-4d7d-9275-f10f4dcdb8d5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/832cf5bb-3dc8-4d7d-9275-f10f4dcdb8d5","fullStatement":"Biological Adaptation: Unity and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"68d20615-1fd9-4d82-b687-f26c5058fdc6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/68d20615-1fd9-4d82-b687-f26c5058fdc6","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data for patterns in the fossil record that document the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of life forms throughout the history of life on Earth under the assumption that natural laws operate today as in the past.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on finding patterns of changes in the level of complexity of anatomical structures in organisms and the chronological order of fossil appearance in the rock layers.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the names of individual species or geological eras in the fossil record.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6aef0731-296c-4c3f-be69-acf1d5b028a4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6aef0731-296c-4c3f-be69-acf1d5b028a4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer relationships.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on explanations of the relationships among organisms in terms of similarity or differences of the gross appearance of anatomical structures.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1ee25de5-054f-44f5-aa29-daa5fe66f22f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1ee25de5-054f-44f5-aa29-daa5fe66f22f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze visual evidence to compare patterns of similarities in the anatomical structures across multiple species of similar classification levels to identify relationships.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on inferring general patterns of relatedness among structures of different organisms by comparing diagrams, pictures, specimens, or fossils.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of comparisons is limited to gross appearance of anatomical structures within genus and species levels. No memorization of classification levels is required.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a2050fa9-0a46-461d-ad03-a843ac559888","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a2050fa9-0a46-461d-ad03-a843ac559888","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals\u2019 probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using concepts of natural selection, including overproduction of offspring, passage of time, variation in a population, selection of favorable traits, and heritability of traits.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d347ddbc-61d1-4874-ab60-9bfede8cf6e5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d347ddbc-61d1-4874-ab60-9bfede8cf6e5","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how technologies allow humans to influence the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on identifying and communicating information from reliable sources about the influence of humans on genetic outcomes in artificial selection (such as genetic modification, animal husbandry, gene therapy), and on the influence these technologies have on society as well as the technologies leading to these scientific discoveries.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b3131338-4200-4adb-a6d2-92900c47e1cd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b3131338-4200-4adb-a6d2-92900c47e1cd","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical models to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-LS-4.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using mathematical models, probability statements, and proportional reasoning to support explanations of trends in changes to populations over time. Examples could include Peppered Moth population changes before and after the industrial revolution.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include Hardy-Weinberg calculations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3b759cb1-8fa1-4c71-964a-80cbb43af9e0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3b759cb1-8fa1-4c71-964a-80cbb43af9e0","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"54d25cf1-ac50-4098-94fb-688334fac301","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/54d25cf1-ac50-4098-94fb-688334fac301","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"c6917a01-df5e-4e60-b5c5-3ddabfc021da","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c6917a01-df5e-4e60-b5c5-3ddabfc021da","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model of the Earth-Sun-Moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the Sun and Moon, and seasons.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of models can be physical, graphical, or conceptual.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include recalling lunar phases.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"9d4d52cd-5cd9-499c-8818-b73550d53101","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9d4d52cd-5cd9-499c-8818-b73550d53101","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the orbital motions within galaxies and the solar system.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models can be physical (such as the analogy of distance along a football field or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as students\u2019 school or state).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include Kepler\u2019s Laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3b086541-9daa-4279-af17-ebc0e5cff34b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3b086541-9daa-4279-af17-ebc0e5cff34b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the analysis of data from Earth-based instruments, space-based telescopes, and spacecraft to determine similarities and differences among solar system objects, such as relative size, distance, motions, and features. Examples of scale properties include the sizes of an object\u2019s layers (such as crust and atmosphere), surface features (such as volcanoes), and orbital radius. Examples of data include statistical information, drawings and photographs, and models.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include recalling facts about properties of the planets and other solar system bodies.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"50578810-bebd-472c-bbdf-1cc2bc4a5cb0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/50578810-bebd-472c-bbdf-1cc2bc4a5cb0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to analyze Earth\u2019s history.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how analyses of rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth\u2019s history. Examples of Earth\u2019s major events could range from being very recent (such as the last Ice Age) to very old (such as the formation of Earth or the earliest evidence of life). Examples can include the formation of mountain chains and ocean basins, the evolution or extinction of particular living organisms, or large volcanic eruptions.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include recalling the names of specific eons, eras, periods or epochs and events within them.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"55a85f5c-7690-4b4f-9b81-22bd6e54d7c5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/55a85f5c-7690-4b4f-9b81-22bd6e54d7c5","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"243ca80a-1eb1-445b-bc31-57af49a815d1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/243ca80a-1eb1-445b-bc31-57af49a815d1","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth\u2019s materials and the internal and external flows of energy that drive the rock cycle processes.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the processes of melting, crystallization, weathering, deformation, and sedimentation, which act together to form minerals and rocks through the cycling of Earth\u2019s materials.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the identification and naming of minerals.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ca1de653-d167-434e-8a6a-6038f68d298d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ca1de653-d167-434e-8a6a-6038f68d298d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth\u2019s surface at varying time and spatial scales.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how processes change Earth\u2019s surface at time and spatial scales that can be large (such as slow plate motions or the uplift of large mountain ranges) or small (such as rapid landslides or microscopic geochemical reactions), and how geoscience processes (such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and meteor impacts) usually behave gradually but are punctuated by catastrophic events. Examples of geoscience processes include surface weathering and deposition by the movements of water, ice, and wind. Emphasis is on geoscience processes that shape local geographic features, where appropriate.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include memorization of the formation of specific geographic features of Earth\u2019s surface, or the geochemical processes involved in the formation.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f5505dfc-c76a-4b92-ac9d-92b8a8bd2cfe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f5505dfc-c76a-4b92-ac9d-92b8a8bd2cfe","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data include similarities of rock and fossil types on different continents, the shapes of the continents (including continental shelves), and the locations of ocean structures (such as ridges, fracture zones, and trenches). Examples of concepts include continental drift and seafloor spreading.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of plate tectonics should be limited to large-scale system interactions. Paleomagnetic anomalies in oceanic and continental crust are not assessed.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"70e468e7-c272-4ed3-bfd1-3af4a7fb8af4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/70e468e7-c272-4ed3-bfd1-3af4a7fb8af4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth\u2019s systems driven by energy from the Sun and the force of gravity.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the ways water changes its state as it moves through the multiple pathways of the hydrologic cycle. Examples of models can be conceptual or physical.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment includes qualitative energy flows, not quantitative energy calculations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"43b84035-0aae-49d2-847f-91459d7a63d8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/43b84035-0aae-49d2-847f-91459d7a63d8","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how air masses flow from regions of high pressure to low pressure, causing weather (defined by temperature, pressure, humidity, precipitation, and wind) at a fixed location to change over time, and how sudden changes in weather can result when different air masses collide. Emphasis is on how weather can be predicted within probabilistic ranges. Examples of data can be provided to students or obtained through laboratory experiments (such as with condensation and the use of barometers).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include recalling the names of cloud types or weather symbols used on weather maps or the reported diagrams from weather stations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a7a36273-c962-45d1-a688-e7d100b96980","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a7a36273-c962-45d1-a688-e7d100b96980","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-2.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how patterns vary by latitude, altitude, and geographic land distribution. Emphasis of atmospheric circulation is on the sunlight-driven latitudinal banding, the Coriolis effect, and resulting prevailing winds; emphasis of ocean circulation is on the transfer of heat by the global ocean convection cycle, which is constrained by the Coriolis effect and the outlines of continents. Examples of models can be diagrams, maps and globes, or digital representations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the dynamics of the Coriolis effect, or recalling names and locations of specific biomes.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f9046c5b-b9c8-4437-a539-aadfb9a073b5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f9046c5b-b9c8-4437-a539-aadfb9a073b5","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"fd6e5084-d640-46f9-a4fd-f4ef705cbf2e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fd6e5084-d640-46f9-a4fd-f4ef705cbf2e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how Earth\u2019s mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are unevenly distributed as a result of past and current geologic processes.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how these resources are limited and typically non-renewable, and how their distributions are changing as a result of depletion. Examples of uneven distributions of resources as a result of past processes include but are not limited to petroleum (locations of the burial of organic marine sediments and subsequent geologic traps), metal ores (locations of past volcanic and hydrothermal activity associated with subduction zones), and soil (locations of active weathering and/or deposition of rock).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"62764bae-4a55-4230-95b1-1d5452211ecd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/62764bae-4a55-4230-95b1-1d5452211ecd","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events to mitigate their effects.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how some natural hazards, such as volcanic eruptions and severe weather, are preceded by phenomena that allow for reliable predictions. Others, such as earthquakes, occur suddenly, and are not yet predictable. Examples of natural hazards can be taken from interior processes (such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions), surface processes (such as mass wasting and tsunamis), or severe weather events (such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods). Examples of data can include the locations, magnitudes, and frequencies of the natural hazards. Examples of mitigation strategies can be global (such as satellite systems to monitor hurricanes or forest fires) or local (such as building basements in tornado-prone regions or reservoirs to mitigate droughts).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f561c6a3-94d7-40d6-9ba1-a7bb9662b826","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f561c6a3-94d7-40d6-9ba1-a7bb9662b826","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific practices to design a method for monitoring human activity and increasing beneficial human influences on the environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of the design process include examining human interactions and designing feasible solutions that promote stewardship. Examples can include water usage (such as stream and river use, aquifer recharge, or dams and levee construction); land usage (such as urban development, agriculture, wetland benefits, stream reclamation, or fire restoration); and pollution (such as of the air, water, or land).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"83ebfbeb-870a-4d6c-924d-c36e5aa85f2f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/83ebfbeb-870a-4d6c-924d-c36e5aa85f2f","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument based on evidence for how changes in human population and per-capita consumption of natural resources positively and negatively affect Earth\u2019s systems.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence include grade-appropriate databases on human populations and the rates of consumption of food and natural resources (such as freshwater, mineral, and energy). Examples of effects can include changes made to the appearance, composition, and structure of Earth\u2019s systems as well as the rates at which they change.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"30cfe55a-9bb3-44f8-8d2b-e904c0a2b99c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/30cfe55a-9bb3-44f8-8d2b-e904c0a2b99c","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions to interpret evidence of the factors that cause climate variability throughout Earth\u2019s history.**","humanCodingScheme":"MS-ESS-3.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of factors include human activities (such as fossil fuel combustion and changes in land use) and natural processes (such as changes in incoming solar radiation and volcanic activity). Examples of evidence can include tables, graphs, and maps of global and regional temperatures; atmospheric levels of gases such as carbon dioxide and methane; and natural resource use.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b0e0326d-d0c4-4f64-b523-6292a1931827","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b0e0326d-d0c4-4f64-b523-6292a1931827","fullStatement":"High School (Grades 9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"6637f53c-6afd-4a20-b90a-b320a0864d50","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6637f53c-6afd-4a20-b90a-b320a0864d50","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"b82d95dc-6660-45a2-87a8-633d0204ae9e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b82d95dc-6660-45a2-87a8-633d0204ae9e","fullStatement":"From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"a15852b2-1441-4a63-858d-e1720a040e14","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a15852b2-1441-4a63-858d-e1720a040e14","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the structure of the double helix, the pairing and sequencing of the nitrogenous bases, transcription, translation, and protein synthesis.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include identification of specific cell or tissue types, whole body systems, specific protein structures and functions, or the biochemistry of protein synthesis.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"bdce20ab-fe20-4b51-a151-b80ad41aae31","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bdce20ab-fe20-4b51-a151-b80ad41aae31","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on functions at the organism system level such as nutrient uptake, water delivery, and organism movement in response to neural stimuli. An example of an interacting system could be an artery depending on the proper function of elastic tissue and smooth muscle to regulate and deliver the proper amount of blood within the circulatory system.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include interactions and functions at the molecular or chemical reaction level.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"55f1b319-0389-4761-8df2-7f3e0c2ce159","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/55f1b319-0389-4761-8df2-7f3e0c2ce159","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that feedback mechanisms maintain homeostasis.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of investigations could include heart rate response to exercise, stomate response to moisture and temperature, and root development in response to water levels.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the cellular processes involved in the feedback mechanism.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"839840ed-382b-40c5-9b07-3fa68191aca3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/839840ed-382b-40c5-9b07-3fa68191aca3","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use a model to illustrate the role of cellular division (mitosis) and differentiation in producing and maintaining complex organisms.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.4","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific gene control mechanisms.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"729b7ac8-7be6-405a-847b-8250f16937f3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/729b7ac8-7be6-405a-847b-8250f16937f3","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on illustrating inputs and outputs of matter and the transfer and transformation of energy in photosynthesis by plants and other photosynthesizing organisms. Examples of models could include diagrams, chemical equations, and conceptual models.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include specific biochemical steps.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"8f1f5d58-f834-4063-83f3-4fd92d61692d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8f1f5d58-f834-4063-83f3-4fd92d61692d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using evidence from models and simulations to support explanations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the details of the specific chemical reactions or identification of macromolecules.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"87f237fd-6e44-441f-963c-6c89eb057d63","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/87f237fd-6e44-441f-963c-6c89eb057d63","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use a model to illustrate that cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and the bonds in new compounds are formed, resulting in a net transfer of energy.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-1.7","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the conceptual understanding of the inputs and outputs of the process of cellular respiration.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment should not include identification of the steps or specific processes involved in cellular respiration.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d6399f9a-a79d-463b-9d9f-954f27222960","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d6399f9a-a79d-463b-9d9f-954f27222960","fullStatement":"Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"84504a38-95a9-41b0-b8f8-64b4fd6bcbfb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/84504a38-95a9-41b0-b8f8-64b4fd6bcbfb","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical and/or computational representations to support explanations of factors that affect carrying capacity of ecosystems at different scales.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on quantitative analysis and comparison of the relationships among interdependent factors including boundaries, resources, climate, and competition. Examples of mathematical comparisons could include graphs, charts, histograms, and population changes gathered from simulations or historical data sets.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include deriving mathematical equations to make comparisons.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"dc384bfa-9ae4-4f37-8112-4eaceaa94d6e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dc384bfa-9ae4-4f37-8112-4eaceaa94d6e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical representations to support explanations that biotic and abiotic factors affect biodiversity at different scales within an ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on genetic diversity within a population and species diversity within an ecosystem. Examples of mathematical representations include finding the average, determining trends, and using graphical comparisons of multiple sets of data.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to provided data.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"8a810c89-819d-4c6e-bca4-b0d900d1a937","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8a810c89-819d-4c6e-bca4-b0d900d1a937","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation using mathematical representations to support claims for the flow of energy through trophic levels and the cycling of matter in an ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using a mathematical model of stored energy in biomass to describe the transfer of energy from one trophic level to another and that matter and energy are conserved as matter cycles and energy flows through ecosystems. Emphasis is on atoms and molecules such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen being conserved as they move through an ecosystem.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to proportional reasoning to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1226f601-c7ae-4576-818e-41773ec6571e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1226f601-c7ae-4576-818e-41773ec6571e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of models could include simulations and mathematical models.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the specific chemical steps of photosynthesis and respiration.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5ac1b213-e97a-434d-85bf-ddbd3bd0acee","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5ac1b213-e97a-434d-85bf-ddbd3bd0acee","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that changing the conditions of a static ecosystem may result in a new ecosystem.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of changes in ecosystem conditions could include modest biological or physical changes, such as a seasonal flood, and extreme changes, such as volcanic eruption or sea level rise.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"97cff4bb-cf2a-46cf-b08e-c94c01a2d982","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/97cff4bb-cf2a-46cf-b08e-c94c01a2d982","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Design, evaluate, and/or refine practices used to manage a natural resource based on direct and indirect influences of human activities on biodiversity and ecosystem health.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how natural resources such as forests, waterways, and land are managed in ways that minimize harm to biodiversity and ecosystem health and activities that can improve and or maintain existing health of ecosystems.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3e822b34-c122-41b4-962f-8d2b0ceaac99","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3e822b34-c122-41b4-962f-8d2b0ceaac99","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate the evidence for the role of group behavior on individual and species\u2019 ability to survive and reproduce.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-2.7","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on: (1) distinguishing between group and individual behavior, (2) identifying evidence supporting the outcomes of group behavior, and (3) developing logical and reasonable arguments based on evidence. Examples of group behaviors could include flocking, schooling, herding, and cooperative behaviors such as hunting, migrating, and swarming.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a522313b-671d-4f8b-92cd-de394f907395","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a522313b-671d-4f8b-92cd-de394f907395","fullStatement":"Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"0eb768c7-8965-44fd-927f-5ff3f353a9f4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0eb768c7-8965-44fd-927f-5ff3f353a9f4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-3.1","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the phases of meiosis or the biochemical mechanism of specific steps in the process.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"85d790c0-a04c-4123-b1dd-da5a7850fd45","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/85d790c0-a04c-4123-b1dd-da5a7850fd45","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using data to support claims about the way variation occurs.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include the phases of meiosis or the biochemical mechanism of specific steps in the process.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c3a80c62-0394-4695-bb29-8a4adf90d0af","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c3a80c62-0394-4695-bb29-8a4adf90d0af","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply concepts of probability and statistical analysis to explain the variation and distribution of expressed traits in a population.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the use of mathematics to describe the probability of traits (alleles) as it relates to genetic and environmental factors in the expression of traits.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include Hardy-Weinberg calculations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1325b808-a00b-446f-82f5-7aa637479c52","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1325b808-a00b-446f-82f5-7aa637479c52","fullStatement":"Biological Adaptation: Unity and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"a5c26d7c-a8b1-4f5b-93c1-dbed972222fa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a5c26d7c-a8b1-4f5b-93c1-dbed972222fa","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate scientific information that common ancestry and biological evolution are supported by multiple lines of empirical evidence.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on a conceptual understanding of the role each line of evidence has relating to common ancestry and biological evolution. Examples of evidence could include similarities in DNA sequences, anatomical structures, and order of appearance of structures in embryological development.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c8724067-8420-4989-8232-c1afa7b60e75","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c8724067-8420-4989-8232-c1afa7b60e75","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution, through the mechanism of natural selection, primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for limited resources, and (4) the proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in the environment.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using evidence to explain the influence each of the four factors has on the number of organisms, behaviors, morphology, or physiology in terms of ability to compete for limited resources and subsequent survival of individuals and adaptation of species. Examples of evidence could include mathematical models such as simple distribution graphs and proportional reasoning.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include other mechanisms of evolution, such as genetic drift, gene flow through migration, and co-evolution.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"eddfc16a-0a35-4df4-a8c9-724a033c62bf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eddfc16a-0a35-4df4-a8c9-724a033c62bf","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply concepts of probability and statistical analysis to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on analyzing shifts in numerical distribution of traits and using these shifts as evidence to support explanations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to basic statistical and graphical analysis. Assessment does not include allele frequency calculations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2ed32ede-dfe4-4882-b70d-0ea0c883bec6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2ed32ede-dfe4-4882-b70d-0ea0c883bec6","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence for how natural selection leads to adaptation of populations.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using data to provide evidence for how specific biotic and abiotic differences in ecosystems (such as ranges of seasonal temperature, long-term climate change, acidity, light, geographic barriers, or evolution of other organisms) contribute to a change in gene frequency over time, leading to adaptation of populations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0fe659e7-db57-4f91-a2cc-64073db02689","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0fe659e7-db57-4f91-a2cc-64073db02689","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate models that demonstrate how changes in an environment may result in the evolution of a population of a given species; the emergence of new species over generations; or the extinction of other species due to the processes of genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and natural selection.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-LS-4.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on determining cause and effect relationships for how changes to the environment such as drought, flood, fire, deforestation, overfishing, application of fertilizers and pesticides, and the rate of change of the environment affect the distribution or disappearance of traits in species.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fe5cacbc-f071-49eb-b07a-bd0f55fbc54f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fe5cacbc-f071-49eb-b07a-bd0f55fbc54f","fullStatement":"Physical Science \u2013 Chemistry","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"ce8e6fcf-f7c1-4763-94ed-f72639380759","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ce8e6fcf-f7c1-4763-94ed-f72639380759","fullStatement":"Structure and Properties of Matter","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"aa2108d2-8121-4bf4-861d-e5e5f37c9b6b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/aa2108d2-8121-4bf4-861d-e5e5f37c9b6b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on reviewing how to develop models of molecules that vary in complexity. This should build on the similar middle school standard (MS-PS-1.1). Students should be able to determine valence electrons for representative elements. Examples of simple molecules could include ammonia and methanol. Examples of extended structures could include sodium chloride or diamonds. Examples of models could include drawings, 3D ball and stick structures, or computer representations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Students will be provided with the names of the elements, a list of common ions, a list of numerical prefixes and their meanings, and the charges of all cations and anions.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1ab85202-522e-4a83-b487-705b5269f271","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1ab85202-522e-4a83-b487-705b5269f271","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of properties that could be predicted from patterns could include reactivity of metals, types of bonds formed, numbers of bonds formed, and reactions with oxygen.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to main group elements. Assessment is limited to relative trends in reactivity, valence electrons, atomic and ionic radius, electronegativity, ionization energy, shielding effect, and common oxidation number.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"90677517-7ed5-470d-bf34-9545f7e2c934","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/90677517-7ed5-470d-bf34-9545f7e2c934","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrostatic forces between particles.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on understanding the strengths of forces between particles. Examples of particles could include ions, atoms, molecules, and networked materials (such as graphite). Examples of bulk properties of substances could include the melting point and boiling point, vapor pressure, and surface tension.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include naming specific intermolecular forces (such as dipoledipole). Assessment will be limited to quantitative calculations of melting and boiling points only.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6912d6f0-99de-4dbc-b2b3-91b5babfa6d4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6912d6f0-99de-4dbc-b2b3-91b5babfa6d4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and the various modes of radioactive decay.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on simple qualitative models, such as pictures or diagrams, and on the scale of energy released in nuclear processes relative to other kinds of transformations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma modes of radioactive decay.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"843dea41-79ce-4c19-a3fb-1fca57a6c4ff","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/843dea41-79ce-4c19-a3fb-1fca57a6c4ff","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-1.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the attractive and repulsive forces that determine the functioning of the material. Examples could include why electrically conductive materials are often made of metal, flexible but durable materials are made up of long chained molecules, and pharmaceuticals are designed to interact with specific receptors.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. For questions involving polar vs. nonpolar bonds, item distractors containing ionic bonds may not be used. Electronegativity differences of < 0.5 should be used for nonpolar covalent bonds. Electronegativity differences of 0.5 \u2013 1.7 should be used for polar covalent bonds.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"54ec5a45-2406-4fbd-b992-48e5d40cef32","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/54ec5a45-2406-4fbd-b992-48e5d40cef32","fullStatement":"Chemical Reactions","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"02535e21-15c7-4ae0-9a3d-a26c4218d9ad","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/02535e21-15c7-4ae0-9a3d-a26c4218d9ad","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of chemical reactions could include the reaction of sodium and chlorine, of carbon and oxygen, or of carbon and hydrogen.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to synthesis, decomposition, single replacement/displacement, double replacement/displacement\u2014including neutralization\u2014and combustion reactions. Predict the products of double replacement, single replacement, and combustion reactions only. Assessment excludes writing formulas or names of acids and hydrocarbons.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c24bdc30-c12d-4acd-9401-dd578fbeb8d2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c24bdc30-c12d-4acd-9401-dd578fbeb8d2","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to illustrate that the energy transferred during an exothermic or endothermic chemical reaction is based on the bond energy difference between bonds broken (absorption of energy) and bonds formed (release of energy).**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical reaction is a system that affects the energy change. Examples of models could include molecular-level drawings and diagrams of reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"a257a76c-dc1d-45b9-95ac-559e2492ff35","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a257a76c-dc1d-45b9-95ac-559e2492ff35","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on student reasoning that focuses on the number and energy of collisions between molecules.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"87584765-6c71-4d74-b76e-846abf99b5fe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/87584765-6c71-4d74-b76e-846abf99b5fe","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the number and type of atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using mathematical ideas to communicate the proportional relationships between masses of atoms in the reactants and the products, and the translation of these relationships to the macroscopic scale using the mole as the conversion from the atomic to the macroscopic scale. Emphasis is on assessing students\u2019 use of mathematical thinking and not on memorization and rote application of problem-solving techniques.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Conversion problems will be one to two steps (e.g., grams to moles to atoms/molecules). Compounds and formulas should be provided in the stem of the question. Students should be given molecular masses in problems involving gram to other unit conversions. Molar mass calculations should not be combined with conversion problems. All volumes must be at standard temperature and pressure (STP). A balanced equation and molar masses should be included in the item. Calculations may include grams/moles/volume of reactant to grams/moles/volume of product.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"371d6182-608c-4c36-b7a6-edc809e231fb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/371d6182-608c-4c36-b7a6-edc809e231fb","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"a483b33e-ffb1-4e06-9bb7-3a96b91de74d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a483b33e-ffb1-4e06-9bb7-3a96b91de74d","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Ask questions to clarify the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how the experimental evidence supports the claim and how a theory is generally modified in light of new evidence. Examples of a phenomenon could include interference, diffraction, and photoelectric effect.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include using quantum theory.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6b29722e-d718-4742-8718-d40faf744e1a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6b29722e-d718-4742-8718-d40faf744e1a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on explaining the meaning of mathematical expressions used in the model.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. Two temperatures (initial and final), a temperature-time graph, or an enthalpy diagram must be provided.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e19096ad-33c4-4368-8d31-1403ae5d9bbc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e19096ad-33c4-4368-8d31-1403ae5d9bbc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects).**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of phenomena at the macroscopic scale could include the conversion of kinetic energy to thermal energy, the energy stored due to position of an object above the earth, and the energy stored between two electrically charged plates. Examples of models could include diagrams, drawings, descriptions, and computer simulations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b50a9073-8c97-4c38-b5ee-fc11f2a986d0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b50a9073-8c97-4c38-b5ee-fc11f2a986d0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can: **Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3.4","notes":"**OPTIONAL**\n\n***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on both qualitative and quantitative evaluations of devices. Examples of devices could include calorimeters, heat and cold packs, solar cells, solar ovens, and electrochemical cells. Examples of constraints could include use of renewable energy forms and efficiency.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b133027b-e4f1-4838-9881-728fb88ceceb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b133027b-e4f1-4838-9881-728fb88ceceb","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSC-3.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on analyzing data from student investigations and using mathematical thinking to describe the energy changes both quantitatively and conceptually (endothermic/exothermic). Examples of investigations could include mixing liquids at different initial temperatures or adding objects at different temperatures to water.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** For items involving specific heat, provide the equation Q = mCp\u2206T and specific heats. Include the melting and boiling points of water. Limit calculations to changes that do not involve a change of state. Perform gram to mole and mole to \u0394H calculations. Use joules as a unit of measure, as opposed to calories.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"0dc317bf-2057-42bb-9789-7488ee8ff4c4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0dc317bf-2057-42bb-9789-7488ee8ff4c4","fullStatement":"Physical Science \u2013 Physics","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"cf2e1df3-44f6-4138-8491-75090873aeb5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cf2e1df3-44f6-4138-8491-75090873aeb5","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"32ec3bcb-99e2-464c-903c-8cafd199800b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/32ec3bcb-99e2-464c-903c-8cafd199800b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze data to support the claim that Newton\u2019s second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data could include tables or graphs of position or velocity as a function of time for objects subject to a net unbalanced force, such as a falling object, an object rolling down a ramp, or a moving object being pulled by a constant force.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3bde4d13-4de5-482e-8b65-dd9b08e484b1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3bde4d13-4de5-482e-8b65-dd9b08e484b1","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the quantitative conservation of momentum in interactions and the qualitative meaning of this principle (Newton\u2019s first law).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ff74597a-d9c2-442d-ba02-e16ac5ad43a4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ff74597a-d9c2-442d-ba02-e16ac5ad43a4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evaluation and refinement could include determining the success of the device at protecting an object from damage and modifying the design to improve it. Examples of a device could include a football helmet or a parachute.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"87a26c49-109f-41b2-9900-38b689d2e440","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/87a26c49-109f-41b2-9900-38b689d2e440","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical representations of Newton\u2019s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb\u2019s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on both quantitative and conceptual descriptions of gravitational and electric fields.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. Base equations will be provided.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f41da716-9234-4495-b237-415aa8e92f1b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f41da716-9234-4495-b237-415aa8e92f1b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.5","notes":"***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"40533458-07d4-42c0-acbc-4cae51a40346","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/40533458-07d4-42c0-acbc-4cae51a40346","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-1.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the attractive and repulsive forces that determine the functioning of the material. Examples could include why electrically conductive materials are often made of metal, flexible but durable materials are made up of long chained molecules, and pharmaceuticals are designed to interact with specific receptors.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"249c80e2-d46e-4722-a840-b8f408cd5752","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/249c80e2-d46e-4722-a840-b8f408cd5752","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"3d73380e-d308-4620-864e-6c2dac61cbdb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3d73380e-d308-4620-864e-6c2dac61cbdb","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on explaining the meaning of mathematical expressions used in the model.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"7a29b2ae-9589-4fbe-af44-28679f187589","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7a29b2ae-9589-4fbe-af44-28679f187589","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects).**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of phenomena at the macroscopic scale could include the conversion of kinetic energy to thermal energy, the energy stored due to position of an object above the earth, and the energy stored between two electrically charged plates. Examples of models could include diagrams, drawings, descriptions, and computer simulations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"eff5fdfc-551e-4145-becb-2a46c709b5e7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eff5fdfc-551e-4145-becb-2a46c709b5e7","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on both qualitative and quantitative evaluations of devices. Examples of devices could include Rube Goldberg devices, wind turbines, solar cells, solar ovens, and generators. Examples of constraints could include use of multiple energy forms and evaluations of efficiency.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. Assessment is limited to examples of devices provided to students.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2fd2adf2-4802-4d51-b57a-e8b81e2de666","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2fd2adf2-4802-4d51-b57a-e8b81e2de666","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on analyzing data from student investigations and using mathematical thinking to describe the energy changes both quantitatively and conceptually. Examples of investigations could include mixing liquids at different initial temperatures or adding objects at different temperatures to water.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to examples of closed system investigations.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"7b19c146-7443-4370-8ebe-5a312e22f456","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7b19c146-7443-4370-8ebe-5a312e22f456","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electric or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of models could include drawings, diagrams, and texts, such as drawings of what happens when two charges of opposite polarity are near each other.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"5bf95fea-f609-4730-957e-f9f10e0ce8c6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5bf95fea-f609-4730-957e-f9f10e0ce8c6","fullStatement":"Waves","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"cdaddeea-62f2-43d1-baf5-53e6baf8456a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cdaddeea-62f2-43d1-baf5-53e6baf8456a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data could include electromagnetic radiation traveling in a vacuum and glass, sound waves traveling through air and water, and seismic waves traveling through the Earth.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"9753d0ae-ffa2-477b-891c-f1b04091dc6b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9753d0ae-ffa2-477b-891c-f1b04091dc6b","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate questions about the advantages of using digital transmission and storage of information.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of advantages could include that digital information is stable because it can be stored reliably in computer memory, transferred easily, and copied and shared rapidly. Disadvantages could include issues of easy deletion, security, and theft.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"1660883f-dc6b-4546-a4d0-496b2f292bba","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1660883f-dc6b-4546-a4d0-496b2f292bba","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how the experimental evidence supports the claim and how a theory is generally modified in light of new evidence. Examples of a phenomenon could include resonance, interference, diffraction, and photoelectric effect.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include using quantum theory.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"80b75f19-916d-45f3-8881-624ee9e10649","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/80b75f19-916d-45f3-8881-624ee9e10649","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the idea that photons associated with different frequencies of light have different energies, and the damage to living tissue from electromagnetic radiation depends on the energy of the radiation. Examples of published materials could include trade books, magazines, web resources, videos, and other passages that may reflect bias.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e66c0604-a0ba-4b9d-904d-cb11334a9095","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e66c0604-a0ba-4b9d-904d-cb11334a9095","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-PSP-3.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples could include solar cells capturing light and converting it to electricity, medical imaging, and communications technology.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessments are limited to qualitative information. Assessments do not include band theory.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"b20bbe4b-b60a-406f-8c20-c162ab748158","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b20bbe4b-b60a-406f-8c20-c162ab748158","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","CFItemType":"Domain","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"0eee1770-3dd6-41c5-977f-5a1e72b5b562","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0eee1770-3dd6-41c5-977f-5a1e72b5b562","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"907ad855-b788-4f34-b5f0-f03bf304be76","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/907ad855-b788-4f34-b5f0-f03bf304be76","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the Sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the Sun\u2019s core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the energy transfer mechanisms that allow energy from nuclear fusion in the Sun\u2019s core to reach Earth. Examples of evidence for the model include observations of the masses and lifetimes of other stars, as well as the ways that the Sun\u2019s radiation varies due to sudden solar flares (\u201cspace weather\u201d), the 11-year sunspot cycle, and non-cyclic variations over centuries.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include details of the atomic and subatomic processes involved with the Sun\u2019s nuclear fusion.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fe290813-0087-4724-a155-bba7bef44bdc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fe290813-0087-4724-a155-bba7bef44bdc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation of the current model of the origin of the universe based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the astronomical evidence of the redshift of light from galaxies as an indication that the universe is currently expanding, the cosmic microwave background as the remnant radiation from the event, and the observed composition of ordinary matter of the universe, primarily found in stars and interstellar gases (from the spectra of electromagnetic radiation from stars), which matches that predicted by the scientific model (3/4 hydrogen and 1/4 helium).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"ead43af0-09d1-4a9b-a447-d399c909b9e7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ead43af0-09d1-4a9b-a447-d399c909b9e7","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, transform elements.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the way nucleosynthesis, and therefore the different elements created, varies as a function of the mass of a star and the stage of its lifetime.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Details of the many different nucleosynthesis pathways for stars of different masses are not assessed.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2244ca49-c4e9-4167-9b76-f943e0e3fad4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2244ca49-c4e9-4167-9b76-f943e0e3fad4","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler\u2019s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"cef1f52e-04ec-411c-ae3c-b705e9ebb2ec","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cef1f52e-04ec-411c-ae3c-b705e9ebb2ec","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the ability of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks. Examples include evidence of the ages of oceanic crust increasing with distance from mid-ocean ridges (a result of plate spreading) and the ages of North American continental crust decreasing with distance away from a central ancient core (a result of past plate interactions).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"dc5e5643-1570-4b99-aefb-956d9cf2caba","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dc5e5643-1570-4b99-aefb-956d9cf2caba","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth\u2019s formation and early history.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-1.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on using available evidence within the solar system to reconstruct the early history of Earth, which formed along with the rest of the solar system. Examples of evidence include the absolute ages of ancient materials (obtained by radiometric dating of meteorites, Moon rocks, and Earth\u2019s oldest minerals); the sizes and compositions of solar system objects; and the impact cratering record of planetary surfaces.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e2463fa8-1fe7-47e4-bad4-e351888fda71","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e2463fa8-1fe7-47e4-bad4-e351888fda71","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"2d6c0a65-0639-4a32-b173-098fabacebeb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2d6c0a65-0639-4a32-b173-098fabacebeb","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to illustrate how Earth\u2019s internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and ocean-floor features.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on how the appearance of land features (such as mountains, valleys, and plateaus) and sea-floor features (such as trenches, ridges, and seamounts) are a result of both constructive forces (such as volcanism, tectonic uplift, and orogeny) and destructive mechanisms (such as weathering, mass wasting, and coastal erosion).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include memorization of the details of the formation of specific geographic features of Earth\u2019s surface.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"899c7411-6f40-4043-8def-a6f5ac9acee0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/899c7411-6f40-4043-8def-a6f5ac9acee0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth\u2019s surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of system interactions include how melting ice exposes darker land, which increases temperatures and causes more ice to melt; how the loss of ground vegetation causes an increase in water runoff and soil erosion; how dammed rivers increase groundwater recharge, decrease sediment transport, and increase coastal erosion; or how the loss of wetlands causes a decrease in local humidity that further reduces the wetland extent.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"e9b10912-1f17-4abf-9020-e885c9424d5e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e9b10912-1f17-4abf-9020-e885c9424d5e","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model based on evidence of Earth\u2019s interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on both a one-dimensional model of Earth, with radial layers determined by density, and a three-dimensional model, which is controlled by mantle convection and the resulting plate tectonics. Examples of evidence include maps of Earth\u2019s three-dimensional structure obtained from seismic waves, records of the rate of change of Earth\u2019s magnetic field (as constraints on convection in the outer core), and identification of the composition of Earth\u2019s layers from high-pressure laboratory experiments.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"2a3e3c78-38cb-4cd9-a939-de740ff00aa5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2a3e3c78-38cb-4cd9-a939-de740ff00aa5","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Use a model to describe how variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth\u2019s systems result in variations in climate.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of the causes of variations in climate differ by timescale: over 1\u201310 years: large volcanic eruption, ocean circulation; 10\u2013100s of years: changes in human activity, ocean circulation, solar output; 10\u2013100s of thousands of years: changes to Earth's orbit and the orientation of its axis; and 10\u2013100s of millions of years: long-term changes in atmospheric composition.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment of the results of changes in climate is limited to changes in surface temperatures, precipitation patterns, glacial ice volumes, sea levels, and biosphere distribution.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3bbc72f6-e15a-45e0-83a8-7a177686a5cc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3bbc72f6-e15a-45e0-83a8-7a177686a5cc","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Plan and conduct an investigation of how the chemical and physical properties of water contribute to the mechanical and chemical mechanisms that affect Earth materials and surface processes.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on mechanical and chemical investigations with water and a variety of solid materials to provide the evidence for connections between the hydrologic cycle and system interactions commonly known as the rock cycle. Examples of mechanical investigations include stream transportation and deposition using a stream table, erosion using variations in soil moisture content, or frost wedging by the expansion of water as it freezes. Examples of chemical investigations include chemical weathering and recrystallization (by testing the solubility of different materials) or melt generation (by examining how water lowers the melting temperature of most solids).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"59092aab-4cd0-43ab-acc6-c476ce8f393a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/59092aab-4cd0-43ab-acc6-c476ce8f393a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Develop a model to describe the cycling of carbon among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on modeling biogeochemical cycles that include the cycling of carbon through the ocean, atmosphere, soil, and biosphere (including humans), providing the foundation for living organisms.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"fc97f8eb-ec61-4ea3-8baf-f5aedad901e0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fc97f8eb-ec61-4ea3-8baf-f5aedad901e0","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an argument based on evidence about the simultaneous coevolution of Earth\u2019s systems and life on Earth.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-2.7","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the dynamic causes, effects, and feedbacks between the biosphere and Earth\u2019s other systems, whereby geoscience factors control the evolution of life, which in turn continuously alters Earth\u2019s surface. Examples include how photosynthetic life altered the atmosphere through the production of oxygen, which in turn increased weathering rates and allowed for the evolution of animal life; how microbial life on land increased the formation of soil, which in turn allowed for the evolution of land plants; or how the evolution of corals created reefs that altered patterns of erosion and deposition along coastlines and provided habitats for the evolution of new life forms.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of how the biosphere interacts with all of Earth\u2019s other systems.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"28ef419c-d8a4-4b76-bf99-de150eef18e4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/28ef419c-d8a4-4b76-bf99-de150eef18e4","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3","CFItemType":"Performance Expectation Title","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Performance Expectation Title","identifier":"8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f16c9e9-6121-48fc-bbf3-36eb628ab326"}},{"identifier":"dfc097be-061e-4869-9b55-ff3ab161748a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dfc097be-061e-4869-9b55-ff3ab161748a","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.1","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of key natural resources include access to fresh water (such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater), regions of fertile soils such as river deltas, and high concentrations of minerals and fossil fuels. Examples of natural hazards can be from interior processes (such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes), surface processes (such as tsunamis, mass wasting, and soil erosion), and severe weather (such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts). Examples of the results of changes in climate that can affect populations or drive mass migrations include changes to sea level, regional patterns of temperature and precipitation, and the types of crops and livestock that can be raised.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"26d2c020-7d46-4b59-80da-fe39cc764f06","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/26d2c020-7d46-4b59-80da-fe39cc764f06","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate competing design solutions for developing, managing, and utilizing energy and mineral resources based on cost-benefit ratios.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.2","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Emphasis is on the conservation, recycling, and reuse of resources (such as minerals and metals) and on minimizing impacts. Examples include developing best practices for agricultural soil use, mining (for coal, tar sands, and oil shales), and pumping (for petroleum and natural gas).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"c98ebafd-084c-464a-88a5-0c733f3e4526","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c98ebafd-084c-464a-88a5-0c733f3e4526","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Illustrate relationships among management of natural resources, the sustainability of human populations, and biodiversity.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.3","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of factors that affect the management of natural resources include costs of resource extraction and waste management, per-capita consumption, and the development of new technologies. Examples of factors that affect human sustainability include agricultural efficiency, levels of conservation, and urban planning.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"d59115be-29ae-41f8-a307-adf434c07816","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d59115be-29ae-41f8-a307-adf434c07816","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Evaluate or refine a scientific or technological solution that mitigates or enhances human influences on natural systems.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.4","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of data on the influences of human activities could include the quantities and types of pollutants released, changes to biomass and species diversity, or changes in land surface use (such as for urban development, agriculture and livestock, or surface mining). Examples of human contributions could range from local efforts (such as reducing, reusing, and recycling resources) to large-scale geoengineering design solutions (such as cloud seeding).","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"3d2ea6cd-d125-4e23-9a61-fe23fb8f13fe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3d2ea6cd-d125-4e23-9a61-fe23fb8f13fe","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Analyze geoscience data and the results from global climate models to make an evidence-based explanation of how climate variability can affect Earth\u2019s systems on a global and regional scale.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.5","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of evidence, for both data and climate model outputs, are for climate variations (such as precipitation and temperature) and their associated effects (such as on sea level, glacial ice volumes, or atmosphere and ocean composition).\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment is limited to one example of a climate variation and its associated effect.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"6a203712-8e0c-464d-8150-df3f77285c49","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6a203712-8e0c-464d-8150-df3f77285c49","fullStatement":"Students who demonstrate understanding can:\n**Communicate how relationships among Earth systems are being influenced by human activity.**","humanCodingScheme":"HS-ESS-3.6","notes":"***Further Explanation:*** Examples of Earth systems are the hydrosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere, geosphere, and/or biosphere. An example is how an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in an increase in photosynthetic biomass on land and an increase in ocean acidification, with resulting impacts on sea organism health and marine populations.\n\n***Assessment Limit:*** Assessment does not include running computational representations but is limited to using the published results of scientific computational models.","CFItemType":"Content Standard","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Standard","identifier":"e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e326b1bf-cc23-4eab-a79c-6c5b3abf1d6d"}},{"identifier":"f994aee0-38ac-4312-bd2b-b12cf5705945","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f994aee0-38ac-4312-bd2b-b12cf5705945","fullStatement":"Disciplinary Core Ideas","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:35:07+00:00","CFItemType":"Competency Grouping","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Competency Grouping","identifier":"c55aae67-1ffe-4fe7-993d-900c0b0644ed","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/c55aae67-1ffe-4fe7-993d-900c0b0644ed"}},{"identifier":"6fceb652-137a-48fe-ad12-b8bb1fe3bdd5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6fceb652-137a-48fe-ad12-b8bb1fe3bdd5","fullStatement":"Physical Science","humanCodingScheme":"PS","CFItemType":"Domain","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"ea57cb34-97f9-4cd4-9473-174a5c1dbd30","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ea57cb34-97f9-4cd4-9473-174a5c1dbd30","fullStatement":"Matter and Its Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"PS1","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"7940b585-d19e-4005-a469-c9727cbf89c9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7940b585-d19e-4005-a469-c9727cbf89c9","fullStatement":"Structure and Properties of Matter","humanCodingScheme":"PS1.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"10519441-8b24-404a-bca6-23753c264f21","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/10519441-8b24-404a-bca6-23753c264f21","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"9f141ac8-c985-48e5-a914-83584bcfba18","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9f141ac8-c985-48e5-a914-83584bcfba18","fullStatement":"Different kinds of matter exist and many of them can be solid, liquid, or gas, depending on temperature. Matter can be described and classified by its observable properties. (2-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d5aef5a4-4350-49a2-98d9-8aea44eae86a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d5aef5a4-4350-49a2-98d9-8aea44eae86a","fullStatement":"Different properties are suited to different purposes. (2-PS-1.2, 2-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e5369d0e-7716-466f-9b81-1ccfafbceff8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e5369d0e-7716-466f-9b81-1ccfafbceff8","fullStatement":"A great variety of objects can be built up from a small set of pieces. (2-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"963a5d69-578d-466a-8b19-67a5d498e8a5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/963a5d69-578d-466a-8b19-67a5d498e8a5","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"24d0685e-76e0-4347-ad5c-686e5ecb1286","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/24d0685e-76e0-4347-ad5c-686e5ecb1286","fullStatement":"Matter of any type can be subdivided into particles that are too small to see, but even then, the matter still exists and can be detected by other means. A model showing that gases are made from matter particles that are too small to see and are moving freely around in space can explain many observations, including the inflation and shape of a balloon and the effects of air on larger particles or objects. (5-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fa161c35-b026-464f-9e51-aab5beb4cea5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fa161c35-b026-464f-9e51-aab5beb4cea5","fullStatement":"The amount (weight) of matter is conserved when it changes form, even in transitions in which it seems to vanish. (5-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"462b2415-6ceb-487b-8ca5-c4a8a658ea80","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/462b2415-6ceb-487b-8ca5-c4a8a658ea80","fullStatement":"Measurements of a variety of properties can be used to identify materials. (Boundary: At this grade level, mass and weight are not distinguished, and no attempt is made to define the unseen particles or explain the atomic-scale mechanism of evaporation and condensation.) (5-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c871284b-2367-49a6-a83a-19b999edaed2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c871284b-2367-49a6-a83a-19b999edaed2","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"21b85241-aff8-4c7b-8646-18590c00f024","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/21b85241-aff8-4c7b-8646-18590c00f024","fullStatement":"Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. (MSPS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"230a0a36-b682-4f6c-8499-abd8046bba36","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/230a0a36-b682-4f6c-8499-abd8046bba36","fullStatement":"Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). (MS-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"696d64e8-80dc-47a3-ab4b-0afdb3c73584","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/696d64e8-80dc-47a3-ab4b-0afdb3c73584","fullStatement":"Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. (MS-PS-1.2, MS-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ce7beb10-94b0-44c1-8f89-cb5973f4eea2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ce7beb10-94b0-44c1-8f89-cb5973f4eea2","fullStatement":"Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. (MS-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"773ab281-2ad3-49e1-b8ec-525ce9755949","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/773ab281-2ad3-49e1-b8ec-525ce9755949","fullStatement":"In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. (MS-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b0109a40-cc40-4d34-be87-a7ab26be708c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b0109a40-cc40-4d34-be87-a7ab26be708c","fullStatement":"The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. (MS-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"805afb18-4328-410d-b5ca-ac2ed9c1d4ce","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/805afb18-4328-410d-b5ca-ac2ed9c1d4ce","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"da87d0f8-8f9f-4f6a-a147-a863e27b46f8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/da87d0f8-8f9f-4f6a-a147-a863e27b46f8","fullStatement":"Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. (HSPSC-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c6e0dbd8-e67e-4f66-9d81-387147bf35b4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c6e0dbd8-e67e-4f66-9d81-387147bf35b4","fullStatement":"Each atom has a substructure consisting of a nucleus, which is made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. (HS-PSC-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0b2b1717-41fe-48a4-9e3a-e0fce8aeb22c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0b2b1717-41fe-48a4-9e3a-e0fce8aeb22c","fullStatement":"The periodic table orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom\u2019s nucleus and places those with similar chemical properties in columns. The repeating patterns of this table reflect outermost electron states. (HS-PSC-1.2)(HS-PSC-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1c909419-dc2c-4f2b-92ce-c41b4a51e095","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1c909419-dc2c-4f2b-92ce-c41b4a51e095","fullStatement":"The structure and interactions of matter at the bulk scale are determined by electrical forces within and between atoms. (HS-PSC-1.3, HS-PSC-1.5)(HS-PSP-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"68636a76-430f-45ce-8b8a-12de649d74a2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/68636a76-430f-45ce-8b8a-12de649d74a2","fullStatement":"A stable molecule has less energy than the same set of atoms separated; one must provide at least this energy in order to take the molecule apart. (HS-PSC-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"67c6417b-3c5b-4a2e-bd8b-04aa0737d707","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/67c6417b-3c5b-4a2e-bd8b-04aa0737d707","fullStatement":"Chemical Reactions","humanCodingScheme":"PS1.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"caf156d4-8a0e-4726-bc2a-18cc65c4b8d9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/caf156d4-8a0e-4726-bc2a-18cc65c4b8d9","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"ffb69057-9142-4169-85d5-06fd4954a8b1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ffb69057-9142-4169-85d5-06fd4954a8b1","fullStatement":"Heating or cooling a substance may cause changes that can be observed. Sometimes these changes are reversible, and sometimes they are not. (2-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8a13f102-b4d1-4095-a08a-18a765baa700","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8a13f102-b4d1-4095-a08a-18a765baa700","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"93449f0e-399d-4721-8a42-aa4af3773391","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/93449f0e-399d-4721-8a42-aa4af3773391","fullStatement":"No matter what reaction or change in properties occurs, the total weight of the substances does not change. (Boundary: Mass and weight are not distinguished at this grade level.) (5-PS1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"82b8d7e5-c8b6-4846-ac6e-46b562d19b42","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/82b8d7e5-c8b6-4846-ac6e-46b562d19b42","fullStatement":"When two or more different substances are mixed, a new substance with different properties may be formed. (5-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"aefbe591-5c09-4e40-adf1-cb4617f02b0d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/aefbe591-5c09-4e40-adf1-cb4617f02b0d","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5cb575a9-c145-42c0-afe0-e11ef3834527","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5cb575a9-c145-42c0-afe0-e11ef3834527","fullStatement":"Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. (MS-PS-1.2, MS-PS-1.3, MSPS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"3598d0a5-10b9-42ae-9380-6a42a93b8038","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3598d0a5-10b9-42ae-9380-6a42a93b8038","fullStatement":"The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. (MSPS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"82bc6217-9d22-43ab-894d-635878e675cf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/82bc6217-9d22-43ab-894d-635878e675cf","fullStatement":"Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. (MS-PS-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"68d1aff3-8544-49f7-b51c-f15ffce4e7d6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/68d1aff3-8544-49f7-b51c-f15ffce4e7d6","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"26c4dfc7-b73b-4d24-a3c3-3e51d5e58c9e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/26c4dfc7-b73b-4d24-a3c3-3e51d5e58c9e","fullStatement":"The fact that atoms are conserved, together with knowledge of the chemical properties of the elements involved, can be used to describe and predict chemical reactions. (HS-PSC-2.1, HSPSC-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"7669c88a-f94f-4554-9bec-96b099e91a28","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7669c88a-f94f-4554-9bec-96b099e91a28","fullStatement":"Chemical processes, their rates, and whether or not energy is stored or released can be understood in terms of the collisions of molecules and the rearrangements of atoms into new molecules, with consequent changes in the sum of all bond energies in the set of molecules that are matched by changes in kinetic energy. (HS-PSC-2.2, HS-PSC-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4ff092f4-2b55-454d-8742-339ad5e5943d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4ff092f4-2b55-454d-8742-339ad5e5943d","fullStatement":"Nuclear Processes","humanCodingScheme":"PS1.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"7a322920-857c-489d-99b3-55707e5aecd2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7a322920-857c-489d-99b3-55707e5aecd2","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"d12f0fd5-913b-49be-a206-853ada71f569","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d12f0fd5-913b-49be-a206-853ada71f569","fullStatement":"Nuclear processes, including fusion, fission, and radioactive decays of unstable nuclei, involve release or absorption of energy. The total number of neutrons plus protons does not change in any nuclear process. (HS-PSC-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e69e4579-c63d-4614-8093-e6ed82f10f38","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e69e4579-c63d-4614-8093-e6ed82f10f38","fullStatement":"Spontaneous radioactive decay follows a characteristic exponential decay law. Nuclear lifetimes allow radiometric dating to be used to determine the ages of rocks and other materials. (HS-ESS-1.5, HS-ESS-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"38bde3eb-71fe-431e-b6a5-99bcfe8d9a5e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/38bde3eb-71fe-431e-b6a5-99bcfe8d9a5e","fullStatement":"Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"PS2","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"a7af759d-d18b-4292-9ab8-e9425b2e06fe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a7af759d-d18b-4292-9ab8-e9425b2e06fe","fullStatement":"Forces and Motion","humanCodingScheme":"PS2.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"745fd4e3-a25d-4e1f-b8c0-9da0b677da64","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/745fd4e3-a25d-4e1f-b8c0-9da0b677da64","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"14e2846a-a129-42c8-9cf0-4dcc761c9c3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/14e2846a-a129-42c8-9cf0-4dcc761c9c3f","fullStatement":"Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions. (K-PS-1.1, K-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"bf375568-5dc6-4da6-b9e4-f3b262a68d25","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bf375568-5dc6-4da6-b9e4-f3b262a68d25","fullStatement":"Pushing or pulling on an object can change the speed or direction of its motion and can start or stop it. (K-PS-1.1, K-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8db1d987-67af-4e77-b46f-8c6aa793acc9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8db1d987-67af-4e77-b46f-8c6aa793acc9","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"82351461-3f77-4327-9403-bfcc282f3c7f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/82351461-3f77-4327-9403-bfcc282f3c7f","fullStatement":"Each force acts on one particular object with both strength and a direction. An object at rest typically has multiple forces acting on it, but they add to give zero net force on the object. Forces that do not sum to zero can cause changes in the object\u2019s speed or direction of motion. (Boundary: Qualitative and conceptual, but not quantitative, additions of forces are used at this level.) (3-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"210d29be-e438-4062-b6be-6ec7ba1456f8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/210d29be-e438-4062-b6be-6ec7ba1456f8","fullStatement":"Force applied to an object can alter the position and motion of that object: revolve, rotate, float, sink, fall, and at rest. (3-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fa6db244-5472-410f-9d94-4c65f2f71593","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fa6db244-5472-410f-9d94-4c65f2f71593","fullStatement":"The patterns of an object\u2019s motion in various situations can be observed and measured; when that past motion exhibits a regular pattern, future motion can be predicted from it. (Boundary: Technical terms, such as magnitude, velocity, momentum, and vector quantity, are not introduced at this level, but the concept that some quantities need both size and direction to be described is developed.) (3-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"36d773d2-b4b4-4d5c-8f57-e8499024555d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/36d773d2-b4b4-4d5c-8f57-e8499024555d","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"6585722b-5875-4200-a6b2-157889c4f93c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6585722b-5875-4200-a6b2-157889c4f93c","fullStatement":"For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton\u2019s third law). (MS-PS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fd311e32-b912-44b0-af2e-d7da2b4131fc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fd311e32-b912-44b0-af2e-d7da2b4131fc","fullStatement":"The motion of an object is determined by the sum of the forces acting on it; if the total force on the object is not zero, its motion will change. The greater the mass of the object, the greater the force needed to achieve the same change in motion. For any given object, a larger force causes a larger change in motion. (MS-PS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"65eed5b4-8919-4ea1-86c8-7016959d017d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/65eed5b4-8919-4ea1-86c8-7016959d017d","fullStatement":"All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. (MS-PS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"eafc8564-941d-47eb-8d4d-f92980bac682","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eafc8564-941d-47eb-8d4d-f92980bac682","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5e9761ed-4fb5-4d01-a444-41de19059f52","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5e9761ed-4fb5-4d01-a444-41de19059f52","fullStatement":"Newton\u2019s second law accurately predicts changes in the motion of macroscopic objects. (HSPSP-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"48d4fb61-7b52-49f4-b139-bf0d0794b8fa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/48d4fb61-7b52-49f4-b139-bf0d0794b8fa","fullStatement":"Momentum is defined for a particular frame of reference; it is the mass times the velocity of the object. (HS-PSP-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5d0d7f19-794f-4602-96d9-5b904a7c87b7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5d0d7f19-794f-4602-96d9-5b904a7c87b7","fullStatement":"If a system interacts with objects outside itself, the total momentum of the system can change; however, any such change is balanced by changes in the momentum of objects outside the system. (HS-PSP-1.2, HS-PSP-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a2eb2d5d-f74f-4a5f-b0aa-b85a5bf69128","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a2eb2d5d-f74f-4a5f-b0aa-b85a5bf69128","fullStatement":"Types of Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"PS2.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"12324169-c4f7-4839-ac1d-188653581b95","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/12324169-c4f7-4839-ac1d-188653581b95","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"08c19884-1612-4349-a972-f1f840863691","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/08c19884-1612-4349-a972-f1f840863691","fullStatement":"When objects touch or collide, they push on one another and can change motion. (K-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"88ca8617-5000-468c-ac4d-604de06abbb1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/88ca8617-5000-468c-ac4d-604de06abbb1","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"93eb0b24-d38e-4979-a363-38ef284c7682","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/93eb0b24-d38e-4979-a363-38ef284c7682","fullStatement":"Objects in contact exert forces on each other (3-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c4857119-dadc-49a7-b6c1-b725e7f25cf6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c4857119-dadc-49a7-b6c1-b725e7f25cf6","fullStatement":"Electric and magnetic forces between a pair of objects do not require that the objects be in contact. The sizes of the forces in each situation depend on the properties of the objects and their distances apart. For forces between two magnets, the size of the force also depends on their orientation relative to each other. (3-PS-1.3, 3-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f408bec4-98f3-46a1-a2f8-ed74a24a8a84","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f408bec4-98f3-46a1-a2f8-ed74a24a8a84","fullStatement":"The gravitational force of Earth acting on an object near Earth\u2019s surface pulls that object toward the planet\u2019s center. (5-PS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4492cf7a-04e6-4c65-8ff9-5498a2e11e2c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4492cf7a-04e6-4c65-8ff9-5498a2e11e2c","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"bea66ecc-8f79-40dc-b045-3bc828999980","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bea66ecc-8f79-40dc-b045-3bc828999980","fullStatement":"Electric and magnetic (electromagnetic) forces can be attractive or repulsive, and their sizes depend on the magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved, and on the distances between the interacting objects. (MS-PS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a8c95fe3-6659-47de-9eed-f1f238488630","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a8c95fe3-6659-47de-9eed-f1f238488630","fullStatement":"Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass\u2014e.g., Earth and the Sun. (MS-PS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"33ff6d18-d23b-4918-aaae-8575f3799697","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/33ff6d18-d23b-4918-aaae-8575f3799697","fullStatement":"Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). (MS-PS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b3184336-9bd0-4f51-b2c9-acde614234bf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b3184336-9bd0-4f51-b2c9-acde614234bf","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"86b2c5a5-4288-4942-b669-011c18e48352","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/86b2c5a5-4288-4942-b669-011c18e48352","fullStatement":"Newton\u2019s law of universal gravitation and Coulomb\u2019s law provide the mathematical models to describe and predict the effects of gravitational and electrostatic forces between distant objects. (HS-PSP-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"81db4e1b-48d4-49f5-841a-79ccaedaa46e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/81db4e1b-48d4-49f5-841a-79ccaedaa46e","fullStatement":"Forces at a distance are explained by fields (gravitational, electric, and magnetic) permeating space that can transfer energy through space. Magnets or electric currents cause magnetic fields; electric charges or changing magnetic fields cause electric fields. (HS-PSP-1.4, HS-PSP1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"9fc8d5a2-3f05-4e71-96b1-8778c02d23e9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9fc8d5a2-3f05-4e71-96b1-8778c02d23e9","fullStatement":"Attraction and repulsion between electric charges at the atomic scale explain the structure, properties (physical and chemical), and transformations of matter, as well as the contact forces between material objects. (HS-PSC-1.3, HS-PSC-1.5, HS-PSP-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"39e162e1-232a-4ffb-88d6-ea7e72c092bc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/39e162e1-232a-4ffb-88d6-ea7e72c092bc","fullStatement":"Energy","humanCodingScheme":"PS3","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"15a6f44b-64a2-409a-9c6e-93bf5671cb8e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/15a6f44b-64a2-409a-9c6e-93bf5671cb8e","fullStatement":"Definitions of Energy","humanCodingScheme":"PS3.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"f1d183e5-f723-4534-b625-eb4ab0bc8626","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f1d183e5-f723-4534-b625-eb4ab0bc8626","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"2aef0da6-091c-4a86-9fc5-3a8f0ae4900c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2aef0da6-091c-4a86-9fc5-3a8f0ae4900c","fullStatement":"The faster a given object is moving, the more energy it possesses. (4-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c537893b-b1b9-4f7b-97c0-c14b641a2c02","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c537893b-b1b9-4f7b-97c0-c14b641a2c02","fullStatement":"Energy can be moved from place to place by moving objects or through heat, sound, light, or electric currents. (4-PS-1.2, 4-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4d21f250-b765-4266-b152-a36e680f5ebc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4d21f250-b765-4266-b152-a36e680f5ebc","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"faadff05-121e-48ae-925e-fcc27d4b8bd2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/faadff05-121e-48ae-925e-fcc27d4b8bd2","fullStatement":"The term \u201cheat\u201d as used in everyday language refers both to thermal energy (the motion of atoms or molecules within a substance) and the transfer of that thermal energy from one object to another. In science, heat is used only for this second meaning; it refers to the energy transferred due to the temperature difference between two objects. (MS-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2688e21c-9c1a-4800-b2da-442579419e98","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2688e21c-9c1a-4800-b2da-442579419e98","fullStatement":"The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule (whichever is the appropriate building block for the system\u2019s material). The details of that relationship depend on the type of atom or molecule and the interactions among the atoms in the material. Temperature is not a direct measure of a system\u2019s total thermal energy. The total thermal energy (sometimes called total internal energy) of a system depends jointly on the temperature, the total number of atoms in the system, and the state of the material. (MS-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a3bd3ab6-6104-4d51-8252-73e6f26a36ce","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a3bd3ab6-6104-4d51-8252-73e6f26a36ce","fullStatement":"Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. (MS-PS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8659a2f4-5c3d-4012-8ff1-7c2164a20601","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8659a2f4-5c3d-4012-8ff1-7c2164a20601","fullStatement":"A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. (MS-PS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d38e528c-c813-4111-b872-e2e1047e70f2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d38e528c-c813-4111-b872-e2e1047e70f2","fullStatement":"Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. (MS-PS-3.3, MS-PS-3.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c95e74e7-b1c5-47b2-a6f8-7726cad0cef1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c95e74e7-b1c5-47b2-a6f8-7726cad0cef1","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"3164cfe9-3b9f-4116-9f22-d9cf3285d240","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3164cfe9-3b9f-4116-9f22-d9cf3285d240","fullStatement":"Energy is a quantitative property of a system that depends on the motion and interactions of matter and radiation within that system. That there is a single quantity called energy is due to the fact that a system\u2019s total energy is conserved, even as, within the system, energy is continually transferred from one object to another and between its various possible forms. (HS-PSC-3.2, HS-PSC-3.3) (HS-PSP-2.1, HS-PSP-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ea2daa28-3616-4eaa-a690-47f1b9cd1c86","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ea2daa28-3616-4eaa-a690-47f1b9cd1c86","fullStatement":"These relationships are better understood at the microscopic scale, at which all of the different manifestations of energy can be modeled as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles and energy associated with the configuration (relative position of the particles). In some cases, the relative position energy can be thought of as stored in fields (which mediate interactions between particles). This last concept includes radiation, a phenomenon in which energy stored in fields moves across space. (HS-PSC-3.3) (HS-PSP-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8c165f9f-49f0-4ce6-8899-4ffdd1ae0d73","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8c165f9f-49f0-4ce6-8899-4ffdd1ae0d73","fullStatement":"At the macroscopic scale, energy manifests itself in multiple ways, such as in motion, sound, light, and thermal energy. (HS-PSC-3.3, HS-PSC-3.4) (HS-PSP-2.2, HS-PSP-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a9100369-71eb-4200-b9f1-8094185caf98","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a9100369-71eb-4200-b9f1-8094185caf98","fullStatement":"\u201cElectrical energy\u201d may mean energy stored in a battery or energy transmitted by electric currents. (HS-PSP-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"85addcb6-6d5e-409d-a659-48b81f64c12a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/85addcb6-6d5e-409d-a659-48b81f64c12a","fullStatement":"Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer","humanCodingScheme":"PS3.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"b3d8d851-2cec-413e-9a90-8a222fa1438b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b3d8d851-2cec-413e-9a90-8a222fa1438b","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"65cf2fa3-3609-4107-b65f-765f20e185c8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/65cf2fa3-3609-4107-b65f-765f20e185c8","fullStatement":"Sunlight warms Earth\u2019s surface. (K-PS-2.1, K-PS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"246237e3-eb1b-411a-a1c5-922981bdeaf2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/246237e3-eb1b-411a-a1c5-922981bdeaf2","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"f5df9986-38c9-41e6-a52f-10f36f0de1ad","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f5df9986-38c9-41e6-a52f-10f36f0de1ad","fullStatement":"Energy is present whenever there are moving objects, sound, light, or heat. When objects collide, energy can be transferred from one object to another, thereby changing their motion. In such collisions, some energy is typically also transferred to the surrounding air; as a result, the air gets heated and sound is produced. (4-PS-1.2, 4-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d6d3862f-a612-401e-9674-cf5ac26793a5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d6d3862f-a612-401e-9674-cf5ac26793a5","fullStatement":"Light transfers energy from place to place. (4-PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a0a6d8db-2527-4077-8ea7-876bbd3b8fc3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a0a6d8db-2527-4077-8ea7-876bbd3b8fc3","fullStatement":"Energy can be transferred from place to place by electric currents, which can then be used locally to produce motion, sound, heat, or light. The currents may have been produced by transforming the energy of motion into electrical energy. (4-PS-1.2, 4-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e4242b02-5ddd-4fdf-992a-a291cb833eab","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e4242b02-5ddd-4fdf-992a-a291cb833eab","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4cca0303-b09c-469d-a4ae-38acdfdfa9c1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4cca0303-b09c-469d-a4ae-38acdfdfa9c1","fullStatement":"Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. (MS-PS-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"adb5e579-4172-423f-b272-067f20abd2d0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/adb5e579-4172-423f-b272-067f20abd2d0","fullStatement":"The amount of energy transfer needed to change the temperature of a matter sample by a given amount depends on the nature of the matter, the size of the sample, and the environment. (MS-PS-3.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"560907d4-fbab-4df5-a955-b094c8e36585","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/560907d4-fbab-4df5-a955-b094c8e36585","fullStatement":"When the motion energy of an object changes, there is inevitably some other change in energy at the same time. (MS-PS-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0a464d3e-b5d4-4180-9ca9-6c50ee9040a7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0a464d3e-b5d4-4180-9ca9-6c50ee9040a7","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"fa015daa-fa87-4cd8-b875-cdee39f790ab","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fa015daa-fa87-4cd8-b875-cdee39f790ab","fullStatement":"Conservation of energy means that the total change of energy in any system is always equal to the total energy transferred into or out of the system. (HS-PSC-3.2) (HS-PSP-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"32d90ee7-8f0b-47fe-a202-5b0873d854cc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/32d90ee7-8f0b-47fe-a202-5b0873d854cc","fullStatement":"Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transported from one place to another and transferred between systems. (HS-PSC-3.2, HS-PSC-3.5) (HS-PSP-2.1, HS-PSP-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"cf1823a5-1186-492e-946e-59a18f8f5148","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cf1823a5-1186-492e-946e-59a18f8f5148","fullStatement":"Mathematical expressions, which quantify how the stored energy in a system depends on its configuration (e.g., relative positions of charged particles, compression of a spring) and how kinetic energy depends on mass and speed, allow the concept of conservation of energy to be used to predict and describe system behavior. (HS-PSC-3.2) (HS-PSP-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"80348705-9eff-4f82-9f69-40285c435504","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/80348705-9eff-4f82-9f69-40285c435504","fullStatement":"The availability of energy limits what can occur in any system. (HS-PSC-3.2) (HS-PSP-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"00301ac6-7880-4ff1-b87f-a0eb3935ba87","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/00301ac6-7880-4ff1-b87f-a0eb3935ba87","fullStatement":"Uncontrolled systems always evolve toward more stable states\u2014that is, toward a more uniform energy distribution (e.g., water flows downhill, objects hotter than their surrounding environment cool down). (HS-PSC-3.5) (HS-PSP-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"81e1509f-2d37-4711-b7fa-c3804dcd017e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/81e1509f-2d37-4711-b7fa-c3804dcd017e","fullStatement":"Relationship Between Energy and Forces","humanCodingScheme":"PS3.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"c34ec8a9-e137-4819-96f2-9ffb9d8b802c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c34ec8a9-e137-4819-96f2-9ffb9d8b802c","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4ff7fd2c-e5eb-4eeb-8826-a1c37afe4415","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4ff7fd2c-e5eb-4eeb-8826-a1c37afe4415","fullStatement":"A bigger push or pull makes things speed up or slow down more quickly. (K-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f4d8ce54-0416-4898-be76-0bb36a8a2f1e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f4d8ce54-0416-4898-be76-0bb36a8a2f1e","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"a91a6bcb-5011-4f47-9aa5-cf0172958bff","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a91a6bcb-5011-4f47-9aa5-cf0172958bff","fullStatement":"When objects collide, the contact forces transfer energy so as to change the objects\u2019 motions. (4-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"de63ba2f-f466-41c3-b487-fa764d0d1f13","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/de63ba2f-f466-41c3-b487-fa764d0d1f13","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"8a95446d-3ca7-4469-934d-91ae77f1457b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8a95446d-3ca7-4469-934d-91ae77f1457b","fullStatement":"When two objects interact, each one exerts a force on the other that can cause energy to be transferred to or from the object. (MS-PS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d4ceee86-286f-4ca4-a246-4b53bb3c5baa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d4ceee86-286f-4ca4-a246-4b53bb3c5baa","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"24884f06-965d-4b26-a39d-6492a1fe10e5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/24884f06-965d-4b26-a39d-6492a1fe10e5","fullStatement":"When two objects interacting through a field change relative position, the energy stored in the field is changed. (HS-PSP-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"38eae07f-fd84-4697-a273-28194203312f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/38eae07f-fd84-4697-a273-28194203312f","fullStatement":"Energy in Chemical Processes and Everyday Life","humanCodingScheme":"PS3.D","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"eec27384-a6eb-4240-bce5-b67a8a8b74ff","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eec27384-a6eb-4240-bce5-b67a8a8b74ff","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"c8a263fe-d1f2-49b6-8695-63cb6e304b4a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c8a263fe-d1f2-49b6-8695-63cb6e304b4a","fullStatement":"The expression \u201cproduce energy\u201d typically refers to the conversion of stored energy into a desired form for practical use. (4-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c2257d6d-59e7-4387-a4c4-fb98d0a24577","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c2257d6d-59e7-4387-a4c4-fb98d0a24577","fullStatement":"The energy released from food was once energy from the Sun that was captured by plants in the chemical process that forms plant matter (from air and water). (5-LS-1.1, 5-PS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5369ed6c-43b0-44db-9d9d-e259787d443e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5369ed6c-43b0-44db-9d9d-e259787d443e","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e0927bc8-f81a-4290-8d36-081f635042bd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e0927bc8-f81a-4290-8d36-081f635042bd","fullStatement":"Solar cells are human-made devices that likewise capture the Sun\u2019s energy and produce electrical energy. (HS-PSP-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"18ffce84-19f3-4396-a6ae-6441482b0773","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/18ffce84-19f3-4396-a6ae-6441482b0773","fullStatement":"Although energy cannot be destroyed, it can be converted to less useful forms\u2014for example, to thermal energy in the surrounding environment. (HS-PSC-3.4, HS-PSC-3.5) (HS-PSP-2.3, HS-PSP-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e1e7a142-c9d3-4ce8-9829-80663ac5c913","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e1e7a142-c9d3-4ce8-9829-80663ac5c913","fullStatement":"Nuclear fusion processes in the center of the Sun release the energy that ultimately reaches Earth as radiation. (HS-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0301a85f-9260-47ad-8418-a5b0abff36cb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0301a85f-9260-47ad-8418-a5b0abff36cb","fullStatement":"Waves","humanCodingScheme":"PS4","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"6dcb8c4a-852a-4761-80ab-78ebdcae9ee4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6dcb8c4a-852a-4761-80ab-78ebdcae9ee4","fullStatement":"Wave Properties","humanCodingScheme":"PS4.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"24b2bcb6-d8d5-4153-bb23-aa38fabd0f96","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/24b2bcb6-d8d5-4153-bb23-aa38fabd0f96","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"bc83fd27-c291-4ebd-9e6a-11b52f61ae90","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bc83fd27-c291-4ebd-9e6a-11b52f61ae90","fullStatement":"Sound can make matter vibrate, and vibrating matter can make sound. (1-PS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5be8f2ec-19bf-4ce6-9d48-df04fd88b19c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5be8f2ec-19bf-4ce6-9d48-df04fd88b19c","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"8b9de96d-906c-4d44-91e1-8881a1c8cf95","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8b9de96d-906c-4d44-91e1-8881a1c8cf95","fullStatement":"Waves, which are regular patterns of motion, can be made in water by disturbing the surface. When waves move across the surface of deep water, the water goes up and down in place; there is no net motion in the direction of the wave except when the water meets a beach. (4- PS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"9326ad9c-979c-4167-a750-2f88f4d6d295","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9326ad9c-979c-4167-a750-2f88f4d6d295","fullStatement":"Waves of the same type can differ in amplitude (height of the wave) and wavelength (spacing between wave peaks). (4-PS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b4ae98d8-e423-47a7-bd13-97c0e7451894","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b4ae98d8-e423-47a7-bd13-97c0e7451894","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"62b5c08e-4814-40a1-aa9a-e13a5c3e96b5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/62b5c08e-4814-40a1-aa9a-e13a5c3e96b5","fullStatement":"A simple wave has a repeating pattern with a specific wavelength, frequency, and amplitude. (MS-PS-4.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2507b4e7-a465-4798-92f3-08968e3b71c9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2507b4e7-a465-4798-92f3-08968e3b71c9","fullStatement":"Waves transfer energy. (MS-PS-4.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"67568de3-0529-4f9c-b60d-1f84236bc68a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/67568de3-0529-4f9c-b60d-1f84236bc68a","fullStatement":"A sound wave needs a medium through which it is transmitted. (MS-PS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"68e1f4b2-c76b-47c3-ba9c-806cd6033f44","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/68e1f4b2-c76b-47c3-ba9c-806cd6033f44","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"d800f5c8-ca57-4506-9c02-37e0fd511019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d800f5c8-ca57-4506-9c02-37e0fd511019","fullStatement":"Geologists use seismic waves and their reflection at interfaces between layers to probe structures deep in the planet. (HS-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c82acca4-d605-4c64-86ad-266310b22e0f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c82acca4-d605-4c64-86ad-266310b22e0f","fullStatement":"The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. (HS-PSP-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a3d79f78-0102-4959-989d-67cd9af2e9d9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a3d79f78-0102-4959-989d-67cd9af2e9d9","fullStatement":"Information can be digitized (e.g., a picture stored as the values of an array of pixels); in this form, it can be stored reliably in computer memory and sent over long distances as a series of wave pulses. (HS-PSP-3.2, HS-PSP-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"70f97241-cc8a-4402-b969-6a9f456cadbe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/70f97241-cc8a-4402-b969-6a9f456cadbe","fullStatement":"Waves can add or cancel one another as they cross, depending on their relative phase (i.e., relative position of peaks and troughs of the waves), but they emerge unaffected by each other. (Boundary: The discussion at this grade level is qualitative only; it can be based on the fact that two different sounds can pass a location in different directions without getting mixed up.) (HS-PSP-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"12cf0395-cb70-4dab-a824-9b6a98cb650d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/12cf0395-cb70-4dab-a824-9b6a98cb650d","fullStatement":"Electromagnetic Radiation (light)","humanCodingScheme":"PS4.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"b7a5efeb-95e6-4ac3-9f25-3198df086e34","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b7a5efeb-95e6-4ac3-9f25-3198df086e34","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"d752f082-5563-485a-b558-8aa336aba362","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d752f082-5563-485a-b558-8aa336aba362","fullStatement":"Objects can be seen if light is available to illuminate them or if they give off their own light. (1- PS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2a1d8745-bb07-4e4e-b8d4-5957e56c496b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2a1d8745-bb07-4e4e-b8d4-5957e56c496b","fullStatement":"Some materials allow light to pass through them, others allow only some light through, and others block all the light, creating a dark shadow on any surface beyond them, where the light cannot reach. Mirrors can be used to redirect a light beam. (Boundary: The idea that light travels from place to place is developed through experiences with light sources, mirrors, and shadows, but no attempt is made to discuss the speed of light.) (1-PS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"89ae1ada-3821-4782-ae7e-d52fbe18a7f2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/89ae1ada-3821-4782-ae7e-d52fbe18a7f2","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e54a00fe-065b-4276-8579-b62a440b63fe","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e54a00fe-065b-4276-8579-b62a440b63fe","fullStatement":"An object can be seen when light reflected from its surface enters the eyes. (4-PS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b215ed63-ff66-4619-9d39-b1b4d632d0c6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b215ed63-ff66-4619-9d39-b1b4d632d0c6","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b85b8327-0ba7-439e-ba74-8ea47fedc985","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b85b8327-0ba7-439e-ba74-8ea47fedc985","fullStatement":"When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object\u2019s material and the frequency (color) of the light. (MS-PS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"61cb980f-b09e-40f4-86b0-6df8d97f25e1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/61cb980f-b09e-40f4-86b0-6df8d97f25e1","fullStatement":"The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. (MS-PS4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e8bd5168-9ce1-4eb1-83c2-e8fb46de8469","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e8bd5168-9ce1-4eb1-83c2-e8fb46de8469","fullStatement":"A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. (MS-PS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2e93bbce-b4a7-4cb4-914b-2bb3f5f1bdfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2e93bbce-b4a7-4cb4-914b-2bb3f5f1bdfc","fullStatement":"However, because light can travel through space, it cannot be a matter wave, like sound or water waves. (MS-PS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f1ceb3d6-c79f-453a-9c45-8622e949eaed","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f1ceb3d6-c79f-453a-9c45-8622e949eaed","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"3406e3c7-c861-467e-89d8-38fc422011a3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3406e3c7-c861-467e-89d8-38fc422011a3","fullStatement":"Electromagnetic radiation (e.g., radio, microwaves, light) can be modeled as a wave of changing electric and magnetic fields or as particles called photons. The wave model is useful for explaining many features of electromagnetic radiation, and the particle model explains other features. (HS-PSP-3.3)(HS-PSC-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f1314df4-9019-4612-a4bf-1074556121cc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f1314df4-9019-4612-a4bf-1074556121cc","fullStatement":"When light or longer wavelength electromagnetic radiation is absorbed in matter, it is generally converted into thermal energy (heat). Shorter wavelength electromagnetic radiation (ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) can ionize atoms and cause damage to living cells. (HS-PSP-3.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"3aa1df28-490c-4ab3-882a-56df74526356","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3aa1df28-490c-4ab3-882a-56df74526356","fullStatement":"Photoelectric materials emit electrons when they absorb light of a high enough frequency. (HS-PSP-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"56ae532a-9caa-4dc4-9a2e-e8c3d3903b6e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/56ae532a-9caa-4dc4-9a2e-e8c3d3903b6e","fullStatement":"Atoms of each element emit and absorb characteristic frequencies of light. These characteristics allow identification of the presence of an element, even in microscopic quantities. (HS-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"489c51d4-455e-4446-b13a-43eb54245b87","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/489c51d4-455e-4446-b13a-43eb54245b87","fullStatement":"Information Technologies and Instrumentation","humanCodingScheme":"PS4.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"542ee989-103c-4067-9dbc-9ca1f5eb023c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/542ee989-103c-4067-9dbc-9ca1f5eb023c","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"88f952c5-dddd-4be4-8a6d-49a424ac4152","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/88f952c5-dddd-4be4-8a6d-49a424ac4152","fullStatement":"People also use a variety of devices to communicate (send and receive information) over long distances. (1-PS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1381f41a-7cd5-464a-a6d3-a2a3ea22979c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1381f41a-7cd5-464a-a6d3-a2a3ea22979c","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"34280dff-f457-4ca3-a44f-d0aef3b6a477","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/34280dff-f457-4ca3-a44f-d0aef3b6a477","fullStatement":"Digitized information can be transmitted over long distances without significant degradation. High-tech devices, such as computers or cell phones, can receive and decode information\u2014 convert it from digitized form to voice\u2014and vice versa. (4-PS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c6f7d819-6053-4f02-8c36-275df2a5c6a6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c6f7d819-6053-4f02-8c36-275df2a5c6a6","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"108cc87a-6d38-438b-a459-7e63f1d9f610","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/108cc87a-6d38-438b-a459-7e63f1d9f610","fullStatement":"Digitized signals (sent as wave pulses) are a reliable way to encode and transmit information. (MS-PS-4.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"64c9fe7d-c64f-458e-9197-c67aab695321","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/64c9fe7d-c64f-458e-9197-c67aab695321","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"12fe5073-745d-4704-9481-76bd1f3d7836","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/12fe5073-745d-4704-9481-76bd1f3d7836","fullStatement":"Multiple technologies based on the understanding of waves and their interactions with matter are part of everyday experiences in the modern world (e.g., medical imaging, communications, scanners) and in scientific research. They are essential tools for producing, transmitting, and capturing signals and for storing and interpreting the information contained in them. 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Different animals use their body parts in different ways to see; hear; grasp objects; protect themselves; move from place to place; and seek, find, and take in food, water, and air. Plants also have different parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits) that help them survive and grow. 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(HS-LS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"05bb9bf5-58d1-4797-bf20-f93d931039e0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/05bb9bf5-58d1-4797-bf20-f93d931039e0","fullStatement":"Feedback mechanisms maintain a living system\u2019s internal conditions within certain limits and mediate behaviors, allowing it to remain alive and functional even as external conditions change within some range. Feedback mechanisms can encourage (through positive feedback) or discourage (negative feedback) what is going on inside the living system. 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Plants and animals have unique and diverse life cycles. 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(MS-LS-1.4)(MS-LS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0f1c2279-ba4b-44d8-a173-df5126b6609a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0f1c2279-ba4b-44d8-a173-df5126b6609a","fullStatement":"Living things share certain characteristics. 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The organism begins as a single cell (fertilized egg) that divides successively to produce many cells, with each parent cell passing identical genetic material (two variants of each chromosome pair) to both daughter cells. Cellular division and differentiation produce and maintain a complex organism, composed of systems of tissues and organs that work together to meet the needs of the whole organism. 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They obtain their food from plants or from other animals. Plants need water and light to live and grow. (K-LS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0be8ecc6-f154-48f6-9940-3e5cef61c95d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0be8ecc6-f154-48f6-9940-3e5cef61c95d","fullStatement":"Living and non-living things have distinct characteristics. (1-LS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"951e8e91-e273-487a-bef5-aa1418baac62","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/951e8e91-e273-487a-bef5-aa1418baac62","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"33c626af-87ec-4ef6-9d60-9f17b156beb8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/33c626af-87ec-4ef6-9d60-9f17b156beb8","fullStatement":"Food provides animals with the materials they need for body repair and growth and the energy they need to maintain body warmth and for motion. (5-PS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"05fa97af-aac0-48ad-b085-e7da738cf64e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/05fa97af-aac0-48ad-b085-e7da738cf64e","fullStatement":"Plants acquire their material for growth chiefly from air and water. (5-LS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"66987ff2-7e3b-4956-9c3f-2e4abcb66c42","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/66987ff2-7e3b-4956-9c3f-2e4abcb66c42","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"eab74768-eae7-4fc5-8bf9-736ba773997d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eab74768-eae7-4fc5-8bf9-736ba773997d","fullStatement":"Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used immediately or stored for growth or later use. (MS-LS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"bee83382-e839-4b5e-af71-c20b04f9b3d7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bee83382-e839-4b5e-af71-c20b04f9b3d7","fullStatement":"Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions (cellular respiration) in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. (MS-LS-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6d4ead71-61d0-48ef-8258-c6ffd4d4f87a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6d4ead71-61d0-48ef-8258-c6ffd4d4f87a","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b469208e-d310-466e-ad55-a276fc3ca966","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b469208e-d310-466e-ad55-a276fc3ca966","fullStatement":"The process of photosynthesis converts light energy to stored chemical energy by converting carbon dioxide plus water into sugars plus released oxygen. (HS-LS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f7a83eb6-0d1c-4bce-9c13-63f6fc04c746","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f7a83eb6-0d1c-4bce-9c13-63f6fc04c746","fullStatement":"Sugar molecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; their hydrocarbon backbones combined with nitrogen, sulfur and/or phosphorous are used to make monomers (amino acids) and other carbon-based molecules that can be assembled into larger macromolecules (such as proteins or DNA), used for example to form new cells. (HS-LS-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1137d326-6b0c-4988-a2bb-ea7f8f6ffb30","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1137d326-6b0c-4988-a2bb-ea7f8f6ffb30","fullStatement":"As matter and energy flow through different organizational levels of living systems, chemical elements are recombined in different ways to form different products. (HS-LS-1.6, HS-LS-1.7)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d1baee39-ccb0-4443-94d7-def008a086b7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d1baee39-ccb0-4443-94d7-def008a086b7","fullStatement":"As a result of these chemical reactions, energy is transferred from one system of interacting molecules to another. Cellular respiration is a chemical process in which the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken, and new compounds are formed that can transport energy to cells. Cellular respiration also releases the energy needed to maintain body temperature despite ongoing energy transfer to the surrounding environment. (HS-LS1.7)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"431d5979-6e0f-4150-af19-eebe6a0473db","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/431d5979-6e0f-4150-af19-eebe6a0473db","fullStatement":"Information Processing","humanCodingScheme":"LS1.D","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"d676ab9e-c8a7-4018-b18c-269f6f6068b0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d676ab9e-c8a7-4018-b18c-269f6f6068b0","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"2673b202-7530-43de-bba0-c3e22cfb6aaa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2673b202-7530-43de-bba0-c3e22cfb6aaa","fullStatement":"Animals have body parts that capture and convey different kinds of information needed for growth and survival. Animals respond to these inputs with behaviors that help them survive. Plants also respond to some external inputs. (1-LS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"88eb3186-0fba-4fee-8790-9c4b8b1f3360","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/88eb3186-0fba-4fee-8790-9c4b8b1f3360","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b48e30d5-1299-4ef4-8149-6b80a6987c27","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b48e30d5-1299-4ef4-8149-6b80a6987c27","fullStatement":"Different sense receptors are specialized for particular kinds of information, which may be then processed by the animal\u2019s brain. Animals are able to use their perceptions and memories to guide their actions. (4-LS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4d2ccef8-f33a-4853-ae9a-25fc046053ad","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4d2ccef8-f33a-4853-ae9a-25fc046053ad","fullStatement":"Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics","humanCodingScheme":"LS2","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"e604e948-0bcd-44c7-9e6c-77a084ca6c25","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e604e948-0bcd-44c7-9e6c-77a084ca6c25","fullStatement":"Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems","humanCodingScheme":"LS2.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"ef71b3f2-0906-4c93-9a5f-e9ccd1169e37","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ef71b3f2-0906-4c93-9a5f-e9ccd1169e37","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e983937a-48d0-4d27-bd13-16824b911e00","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e983937a-48d0-4d27-bd13-16824b911e00","fullStatement":"Plants depend on water and light to grow. (2-LS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ce62ce05-33a2-4d43-9228-8e2f399b83f1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ce62ce05-33a2-4d43-9228-8e2f399b83f1","fullStatement":"Some plants can depend on animals, wind, and water for pollination or to move their seeds around. (2-LS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1c3a7499-6393-4ce4-ad13-e7ea981ba0c2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1c3a7499-6393-4ce4-ad13-e7ea981ba0c2","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"d32fce11-9003-4dd3-ac05-9654873ecec3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d32fce11-9003-4dd3-ac05-9654873ecec3","fullStatement":"The food of almost any kind of animal can be traced back to plants. Organisms are related in food webs in which some animals eat plants for food and other animals eat the animals that eat plants. Some organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, break down dead organisms (both plants and animals) and therefore operate as \u201cdecomposers.\u201d Decomposition eventually restores (recycles) some materials back to the soil. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their particular needs are met. A healthy ecosystem is one in which multiple species of different types are each able to meet their needs in a relatively stable web of life. Newly introduced species can damage the balance of an ecosystem. (5-LS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"663132ae-4905-41ee-9f3c-904f209dd131","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/663132ae-4905-41ee-9f3c-904f209dd131","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"bbf44ecd-6748-47a9-a9cb-71b1dcf89276","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bbf44ecd-6748-47a9-a9cb-71b1dcf89276","fullStatement":"Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. (MS-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8b9f331b-c0a8-4b8c-934c-b3bdee35a8c6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8b9f331b-c0a8-4b8c-934c-b3bdee35a8c6","fullStatement":"In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. (MS-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1d45c7c2-7e5e-497b-9152-8df02e96109c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1d45c7c2-7e5e-497b-9152-8df02e96109c","fullStatement":"Growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. (MS-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"85f49581-40e6-4d19-adb3-534e3370294d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/85f49581-40e6-4d19-adb3-534e3370294d","fullStatement":"Similarly, predatory interactions may reduce the number of organisms or eliminate whole populations of organisms. Mutually beneficial interactions, in contrast, may become so interdependent that each organism requires the other for survival. Although the species involved in these competitive, predatory, and mutually beneficial interactions vary across ecosystems, the patterns of interactions of organisms with their environments, both living and nonliving, are shared. (MS-LS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"dc27cb5d-c557-487b-afc3-b6b18fd5840d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dc27cb5d-c557-487b-afc3-b6b18fd5840d","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"002eb288-729b-4df0-8570-f37ba7c35458","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/002eb288-729b-4df0-8570-f37ba7c35458","fullStatement":"Ecosystems have carrying capacities, which are limits to the numbers of organisms and populations they can support. These limits result from such factors as the availability of living and nonliving resources and from such challenges such as predation, competition, and disease. Organisms would have the capacity to produce populations of great size were it not for the fact that environments and resources are finite. This fundamental tension affects the abundance (number of individuals) of species in any given ecosystem. (HS-LS-2.1, HS-LS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e5fb9083-bd10-4c2e-85a3-c00f8c3ed267","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e5fb9083-bd10-4c2e-85a3-c00f8c3ed267","fullStatement":"Each chromosome consists of a single very long DNA molecule, and each gene on the chromosome is a particular segment of that DNA. The instructions for forming species\u2019 characteristics are carried in DNA. All cells in an organism have the same genetic content, but the genes used (expressed) by the cell may be regulated in different ways. Not all DNA codes for a protein; some segments of DNA are involved in regulatory or structural functions, and some have no as-yet known function. (HS-LS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2c0f7e1b-f37c-4a92-bd6b-693714880eaf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2c0f7e1b-f37c-4a92-bd6b-693714880eaf","fullStatement":"Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems","humanCodingScheme":"LS2.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"5981fdd1-3a30-43df-937e-f1670f7b8b3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5981fdd1-3a30-43df-937e-f1670f7b8b3f","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"86e18caa-1bc7-4bb2-be69-eda70e1e4512","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/86e18caa-1bc7-4bb2-be69-eda70e1e4512","fullStatement":"Matter cycles between the air and soil, and among plants, animals, and microbes as these organisms live and die. Organisms obtain gases and water, from the environment, and release waste matter (gas, liquid, or solid) back into the environment. (5-LS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2e7cf6d2-afb9-4fab-ae5c-f36e4029e065","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2e7cf6d2-afb9-4fab-ae5c-f36e4029e065","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"f477d361-8e4e-44af-a9de-5ebbfb501a69","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f477d361-8e4e-44af-a9de-5ebbfb501a69","fullStatement":"Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead plant or animal matter back to the soil in terrestrial environments or to the water in aquatic environments. The atoms that make up the organisms in an ecosystem are cycled repeatedly between the living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem. (MS-LS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1b8db1c7-c5e6-490b-8fc1-932b4e2e3107","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1b8db1c7-c5e6-490b-8fc1-932b4e2e3107","fullStatement":"Food webs can be broken down into multiple energy pyramids. Concepts should include the 10% rule of energy and biomass transfer between trophic levels and the environment. (MSLS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"89172857-3b02-40d8-8d86-28a8ccc00816","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/89172857-3b02-40d8-8d86-28a8ccc00816","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"60badd96-3597-4d37-bd27-531fb68b9df3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/60badd96-3597-4d37-bd27-531fb68b9df3","fullStatement":"Photosynthesis and cellular respiration (including anaerobic processes) provide most of the energy for life processes. (HS-LS-2.3, HS-LS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"411b4b6e-4c33-4fa4-9379-f06398942e8b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/411b4b6e-4c33-4fa4-9379-f06398942e8b","fullStatement":"Plants or algae form the lowest level of the food web. At each link upward in a food web, only a small fraction of the matter consumed at the lower level is transferred upward, to produce growth and release energy in cellular respiration at the higher level. Given this inefficiency, there are generally fewer organisms at higher levels of a food web. Some matter reacts to release energy for life functions, some matter is stored in newly made structures, and much is discarded. The chemical elements that make up the molecules of organisms pass through food webs and into and out of the atmosphere and soil, and they are combined and recombined in different ways. At each link in an ecosystem, matter and energy are conserved. (HS-LS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e54c0eea-6064-48ab-91de-0768f681bf38","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e54c0eea-6064-48ab-91de-0768f681bf38","fullStatement":"Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are important components of the carbon cycle, in which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and geosphere through chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes. (HS-LS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"20726199-e82c-4c91-9b11-e4c6217513c6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/20726199-e82c-4c91-9b11-e4c6217513c6","fullStatement":"Ecosystem Dynamics, Functioning, and Resilience","humanCodingScheme":"LS2.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"db25dc28-7b78-4e14-a8da-000810d10694","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/db25dc28-7b78-4e14-a8da-000810d10694","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e75e19d7-204f-4016-8892-2bc53b500bcd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e75e19d7-204f-4016-8892-2bc53b500bcd","fullStatement":"When the environment changes in ways that affect a place\u2019s physical characteristics, temperature, or availability of resources, some organisms survive and reproduce, others move to new locations, yet others move into the transformed environment, and some die. (5- LS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fcaefb6f-4918-44b7-8ab1-797d79f56b76","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fcaefb6f-4918-44b7-8ab1-797d79f56b76","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"271e8ebd-7027-4b45-a89d-934cea1f39fc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/271e8ebd-7027-4b45-a89d-934cea1f39fc","fullStatement":"Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. (MSLS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"518849c6-0218-437f-9d76-92f690cd0141","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/518849c6-0218-437f-9d76-92f690cd0141","fullStatement":"Biodiversity describes the variety of species found in Earth\u2019s terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems. The completeness or integrity of an ecosystem\u2019s biodiversity is often used as a measure of its health. (MS-LS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ab0125fa-6b3b-4f54-a4af-ee3c2d64e07e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ab0125fa-6b3b-4f54-a4af-ee3c2d64e07e","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5cf2f509-83e0-406a-8eb3-1ce475771134","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5cf2f509-83e0-406a-8eb3-1ce475771134","fullStatement":"A complex set of interactions within an ecosystem can keep its numbers and types of organisms relatively constant over long periods of time under stable conditions. If a modest biological or physical disturbance to an ecosystem occurs, it may return to its more or less original status (i.e., the ecosystem is resilient), as opposed to becoming a very different ecosystem. Extreme fluctuations in conditions or the size of any population, however, can challenge the functioning of ecosystems in terms of resources and habitat availability. (HS-LS2.2, HS-LS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"624125ce-6b0b-412c-882c-f2c6bc431734","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/624125ce-6b0b-412c-882c-f2c6bc431734","fullStatement":"Changes in the environment, including habitat destruction, pollution, introduction of invasive species, overexploitation, and climate variability, can disrupt an ecosystem and threaten the survival of some species. (HS-LS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a6ce6860-35c5-4b9e-be59-2121853cf6fc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a6ce6860-35c5-4b9e-be59-2121853cf6fc","fullStatement":"Social Interactions and Group Behavior","humanCodingScheme":"LS2.D","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"8565bfa4-c1ef-4d1c-8118-23f97e35de5a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8565bfa4-c1ef-4d1c-8118-23f97e35de5a","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b1cbeafc-4266-4124-a70d-ee6c392a5a54","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b1cbeafc-4266-4124-a70d-ee6c392a5a54","fullStatement":"Being part of a group helps animals obtain food, defend themselves, and cope with changes. Groups may serve different functions and vary dramatically in size. (3-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"56b3e2dc-aa54-4856-a5b6-6399b7bc4f94","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/56b3e2dc-aa54-4856-a5b6-6399b7bc4f94","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"c1e1ca7f-32d9-47f3-b4b0-fff6c344ab64","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c1e1ca7f-32d9-47f3-b4b0-fff6c344ab64","fullStatement":"Group behavior has evolved because membership can increase the chances of survival for individuals and their genetic relatives. 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(MS-LS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"59d0a8d6-b5de-4b7b-9469-1147de49f0d3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/59d0a8d6-b5de-4b7b-9469-1147de49f0d3","fullStatement":"Variation of Traits","humanCodingScheme":"LS3.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"4e918d44-0aa5-4a3a-b7ff-858506031b3c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4e918d44-0aa5-4a3a-b7ff-858506031b3c","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b5ddbc52-dfd0-4011-b82a-d31f68b973ba","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b5ddbc52-dfd0-4011-b82a-d31f68b973ba","fullStatement":"Individuals of the same kind of plant or animal are recognizable as similar but can also vary in many ways. 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(3-LS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"efb3cf69-9864-4b74-823e-ff1c3f1d09f7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/efb3cf69-9864-4b74-823e-ff1c3f1d09f7","fullStatement":"The environment affects the traits that an organism develops. (3-LS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5f08b5f9-bf6a-4926-aa11-252a7f0a0d33","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5f08b5f9-bf6a-4926-aa11-252a7f0a0d33","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"167c4e14-4e36-46e2-afac-1cae4c54136a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/167c4e14-4e36-46e2-afac-1cae4c54136a","fullStatement":"In addition to variations that arise from sexual reproduction, genetic information can be altered because of mutations. Though rare, mutations may result in significant changes to the structure and function of proteins. Changes can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral to the organism. (MS-LS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6475b069-3d33-47e6-9260-cfc6b998d27c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6475b069-3d33-47e6-9260-cfc6b998d27c","fullStatement":"In sexually reproducing organisms, each parent contributes half of the genes acquired (at random) by the offspring. Individuals have two of each chromosome and hence two alleles of each gene, one acquired from each parent. These versions may be identical or may differ from each other. (MS-LS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6f4638b1-511a-4c7c-aa51-ed1884560e26","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6f4638b1-511a-4c7c-aa51-ed1884560e26","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"eb7cf941-daff-44e7-af86-7a918a9b52b3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/eb7cf941-daff-44e7-af86-7a918a9b52b3","fullStatement":"In sexual reproduction, chromosomes can sometimes swap sections during the process of meiosis, thereby creating new genetic combinations and thus more genetic variation. Although DNA replication is tightly regulated and remarkably accurate, errors do occur and result in mutations, which are also a source of genetic variation. Environmental factors can also cause mutations in genes, and viable mutations are inherited. (HS-LS-3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"604ea68e-01c2-4fd1-9236-4d7681430c66","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/604ea68e-01c2-4fd1-9236-4d7681430c66","fullStatement":"Environmental factors also affect expression of traits, and hence affect the probability of occurrences of traits in a population. Thus, the variation and distribution of traits observed depends on both genetic and environmental factors. (HS-LS-3.2, HS-LS-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8f3e8ece-8962-46ba-ac26-3e42280469ec","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8f3e8ece-8962-46ba-ac26-3e42280469ec","fullStatement":"Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"LS4","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"12dfa220-ca9e-44c6-b538-76fddb520356","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/12dfa220-ca9e-44c6-b538-76fddb520356","fullStatement":"Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity","humanCodingScheme":"LS4.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"9b61067f-afbf-4b5c-a5b2-543109c40969","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9b61067f-afbf-4b5c-a5b2-543109c40969","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e347743a-35a8-4c0e-a154-332587c320ef","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e347743a-35a8-4c0e-a154-332587c320ef","fullStatement":"Some kinds of plants and animals that once lived on Earth are no longer found anywhere. (5- LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b4e92593-39f9-447c-9da9-50608812bc58","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b4e92593-39f9-447c-9da9-50608812bc58","fullStatement":"Fossils provide evidence about the types of organisms that lived long ago and also about the nature of their environments. (5-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ffde52d6-26f2-4858-8436-cdcce9270e60","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ffde52d6-26f2-4858-8436-cdcce9270e60","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"bcd7ee82-6b99-4d84-adc2-067191431e3d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bcd7ee82-6b99-4d84-adc2-067191431e3d","fullStatement":"The collection of fossils and their placement in chronological order is known as the fossil record and documents the change of many life forms throughout the history of the Earth. Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between living and once living organisms in the fossil record enable the classification of living things. (MS-LS-4.1, MS-LS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"43e9bec8-5a8f-45e3-bfe6-7b4b2d16b9bf","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/43e9bec8-5a8f-45e3-bfe6-7b4b2d16b9bf","fullStatement":"Scientific genus and species level names indicate a degree of relationship. (MS-LS-4.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e4caee66-46e2-4bc6-9797-060cb07bb512","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e4caee66-46e2-4bc6-9797-060cb07bb512","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"182d722e-9fb3-47ac-ad9f-9a54297cbced","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/182d722e-9fb3-47ac-ad9f-9a54297cbced","fullStatement":"Genetic information, like the fossil record, provides evidence of evolution. DNA sequences vary among species, but there are many overlaps; the ongoing branching that produces multiple lines of descent can be inferred by comparing the DNA sequences of different organisms. Such information can be derived from the similarities and differences in amino acid sequences and from anatomical and embryological evidence. (HS-LS-4.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a476a3e2-4db7-4710-9ac9-af1f4f985b28","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a476a3e2-4db7-4710-9ac9-af1f4f985b28","fullStatement":"Natural Selection","humanCodingScheme":"LS4.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"5b3284ad-c48f-42e0-8e38-564aed1470dd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5b3284ad-c48f-42e0-8e38-564aed1470dd","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4f50e81b-9e5a-4480-889b-127f03b853fd","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4f50e81b-9e5a-4480-889b-127f03b853fd","fullStatement":"Sometimes the differences in characteristics between individuals of the same species provide advantages in surviving, finding mates, and reproducing (5-LS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1dc2a5b9-651b-486c-9f7e-5de51429f603","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1dc2a5b9-651b-486c-9f7e-5de51429f603","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5c89c702-c1c5-49cb-a48f-7b5b562ad5bb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5c89c702-c1c5-49cb-a48f-7b5b562ad5bb","fullStatement":"Natural selection leads to the predominance of certain traits in a population, and the suppression of others. (MS-LS-4.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"74f182c6-c476-40de-9ad3-9ad5c2a8116a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/74f182c6-c476-40de-9ad3-9ad5c2a8116a","fullStatement":"In artificial selection, humans have the capacity to influence certain characteristics of organisms by selective breeding. One can choose desired parental traits determined by genes, which are then passed to offspring. (MS-LS-4.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"7eb50b7b-d904-4ec4-894e-e0bab7a2e425","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7eb50b7b-d904-4ec4-894e-e0bab7a2e425","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4299541d-b465-40a5-955e-67d2cdad7d91","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4299541d-b465-40a5-955e-67d2cdad7d91","fullStatement":"Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information\u2014 that is, trait variation\u2014that leads to differences in performance among individuals. (HS-LS4.2, HS-LS-4.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6c4e022d-58af-4d53-9f2a-b5314bbc3547","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6c4e022d-58af-4d53-9f2a-b5314bbc3547","fullStatement":"The traits that positively affect survival are more likely to be reproduced, and thus are more common in the population. (HS-LS-4.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"905bc2ec-ff97-46d0-8e05-56fb3da35db4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/905bc2ec-ff97-46d0-8e05-56fb3da35db4","fullStatement":"Adaptation","humanCodingScheme":"LS4.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"c4c46827-df4d-4a21-a938-6512cef8dd54","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c4c46827-df4d-4a21-a938-6512cef8dd54","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"1ce62ddf-cacf-49c0-bfc0-4000898e6b84","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1ce62ddf-cacf-49c0-bfc0-4000898e6b84","fullStatement":"For any particular environment, some kinds of organisms survive well, some survive less well, and some cannot survive at all. (3-LS-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"11f1abef-9a5e-459c-8380-2052d6192e25","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/11f1abef-9a5e-459c-8380-2052d6192e25","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"c6269d0a-1315-477c-8c1f-1ed0360d5537","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c6269d0a-1315-477c-8c1f-1ed0360d5537","fullStatement":"Adaptation by natural selection acting over generations is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. Traits that support successful survival and reproduction in the new environment become more common; those that do not become less common. Thus, the distribution of traits in a population changes. (MS-LS-4.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"cc2b610f-e2ff-4124-a97e-9f1f824911fa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cc2b610f-e2ff-4124-a97e-9f1f824911fa","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"38147a63-adcd-404d-9b92-5c03421d34ef","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/38147a63-adcd-404d-9b92-5c03421d34ef","fullStatement":"Changes in the physical environment have contributed to the expansion of some species, the emergence of new distinct species as populations diverge under different conditions, and the decline or possible extinction of some species. (HS-LS-2.6, HS-LS-4.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a54c4183-00b6-4721-9a89-fb4ff55ff294","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a54c4183-00b6-4721-9a89-fb4ff55ff294","fullStatement":"Evolution is a consequence of the interaction of four factors of natural selection: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for an environment\u2019s limited supply of the resources that individuals need in order to survive and reproduce, and (4) the ensuing proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in that environment. (HS-LS-4.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d5ffcd13-ca5f-4b56-8fe9-cc8d85717d19","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d5ffcd13-ca5f-4b56-8fe9-cc8d85717d19","fullStatement":"Natural selection leads to adaptation, that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. That is, the differential survival and reproduction of organisms in a population that have an advantageous heritable trait leads to an increase in the proportion of individuals in future generations that have the trait and to a decrease in the proportion of individuals that do not. (HS-LS-4.3, HS-LS-4.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"541665e1-98f0-4bf6-8d58-5c11e99c4793","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/541665e1-98f0-4bf6-8d58-5c11e99c4793","fullStatement":"Adaptation also means that the distribution of traits in a population can change when conditions change. (HS-LS-4.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b4cdb864-a286-4e02-b11a-951e1c0d3692","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b4cdb864-a286-4e02-b11a-951e1c0d3692","fullStatement":"Species become extinct because they can no longer survive and reproduce in their altered environment. If members cannot adjust to change that is too fast or drastic, the opportunity for the species\u2019 evolution is lost. (HS-LS-4.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f8805186-fdb8-4b16-ac92-77e666d855c3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f8805186-fdb8-4b16-ac92-77e666d855c3","fullStatement":"Biodiversity","humanCodingScheme":"LS4.D","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"49680e22-3413-4b3a-9b13-5bf6defe0da3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/49680e22-3413-4b3a-9b13-5bf6defe0da3","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5b337952-dbfd-4bde-8314-9a8e09c511d5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5b337952-dbfd-4bde-8314-9a8e09c511d5","fullStatement":"There are many different kinds of living things in any area, and they exist in different places on land and in water. (2-LS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b3ff534a-2e7f-4690-8600-83b9f8ba5355","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b3ff534a-2e7f-4690-8600-83b9f8ba5355","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"f600006a-420e-41ea-9c61-ae2efceaaaba","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f600006a-420e-41ea-9c61-ae2efceaaaba","fullStatement":"Populations of animals are classified by their characteristics. (5-LS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a0bd2e29-5885-4d4c-9e2e-f32a09beba62","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a0bd2e29-5885-4d4c-9e2e-f32a09beba62","fullStatement":"Populations live in a variety of habitats, and change in those habitats affects the organisms living there. (5-LS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"d2bfa2a0-b4c1-4662-b7db-4579161fc090","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d2bfa2a0-b4c1-4662-b7db-4579161fc090","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4d6b8c00-6843-4277-bb7e-e50ae969b489","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4d6b8c00-6843-4277-bb7e-e50ae969b489","fullStatement":"Changes in biodiversity can influence humans\u2019 resources, such as food, energy, and medicines, as well as ecosystem services that humans rely on\u2014for example, water purification and recycling. (MS-LS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"502380a9-0336-4cac-83d7-3b841988ee24","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/502380a9-0336-4cac-83d7-3b841988ee24","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"102e3b29-85ee-49b9-846e-1cf2c7160228","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/102e3b29-85ee-49b9-846e-1cf2c7160228","fullStatement":"Biodiversity is increased by the formation of new species (speciation) and decreased by the loss of species (extinction). 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Understanding the effects of population growth, wildfire, pollution, and climate variability on changes in biodiversity could help maintain the integrity of biological systems. (HS-LS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6df93b05-6280-4066-99bd-55ee570cf0a3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6df93b05-6280-4066-99bd-55ee570cf0a3","fullStatement":"Earth and Space Science","humanCodingScheme":"ESS","CFItemType":"Domain","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Domain","identifier":"dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/dc243ff1-7073-4eb5-8204-a005270e4aa4"}},{"identifier":"b81c6e3a-26cc-4d87-a993-07690d6295e9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b81c6e3a-26cc-4d87-a993-07690d6295e9","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Place in the Universe","humanCodingScheme":"ESS1","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"32767dd6-ba03-40e3-8db1-08f241689531","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/32767dd6-ba03-40e3-8db1-08f241689531","fullStatement":"The Universe and Its Stars","humanCodingScheme":"ESS1.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"58c17a12-488f-490a-8060-ad58d710243e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/58c17a12-488f-490a-8060-ad58d710243e","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"7bd5849f-088b-4d9e-9fba-6b6ed20a9f99","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7bd5849f-088b-4d9e-9fba-6b6ed20a9f99","fullStatement":"Patterns of the motion of the Sun, Moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, and predicted. (1-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4ba3c6f3-a885-425f-bbde-aa919543b204","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4ba3c6f3-a885-425f-bbde-aa919543b204","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"9713bc41-15ea-46ce-aade-3bbada44b819","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9713bc41-15ea-46ce-aade-3bbada44b819","fullStatement":"The Sun is a star that appears larger and brighter than other stars because it is closer. Stars range greatly in their distance from Earth. (5-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"53700cd2-6114-450b-8cc7-283ff3a567ce","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/53700cd2-6114-450b-8cc7-283ff3a567ce","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"26858e3a-0ced-4ef9-af20-39db822746e3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/26858e3a-0ced-4ef9-af20-39db822746e3","fullStatement":"Patterns of the apparent motion of the Sun, the Moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. (MS-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"3cd3190a-f9fc-4ca5-a719-c57c56c7c272","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3cd3190a-f9fc-4ca5-a719-c57c56c7c272","fullStatement":"Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe. (MS-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"73547367-58ea-415d-82f4-fb1b6b550ef0","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/73547367-58ea-415d-82f4-fb1b6b550ef0","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"8c86de91-aab7-4ada-8232-934a8627b853","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8c86de91-aab7-4ada-8232-934a8627b853","fullStatement":"The star called the Sun is changing and will burn out over a lifespan of approximately 10 billion years. (HS-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c0733e8d-fc60-4416-b97d-e94742d65070","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c0733e8d-fc60-4416-b97d-e94742d65070","fullStatement":"The study of stars\u2019 light spectra and brightness is used to identify compositional elements of stars, their movements, and their distances from Earth. (HS-ESS-1.2, HS-ESS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b6399402-75d9-4045-9f9a-306886ffd6ee","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b6399402-75d9-4045-9f9a-306886ffd6ee","fullStatement":"Origin theories are supported by evidence such as observations of distant galaxies receding from our own, of the measured composition of stars and non-stellar gases, and of the maps of spectra of the primordial radiation (cosmic microwave background) that still fills the universe. Other than the hydrogen and helium formed at the time of the event, nuclear fusion within stars produces all atomic nuclei lighter than and including iron, and the process releases electromagnetic energy. Heavier elements are produced when certain massive stars achieve a supernova stage and explode. (HS-ESS-1.2, HS-ESS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4a72d4a8-647d-49d0-a9ca-630c68a95268","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4a72d4a8-647d-49d0-a9ca-630c68a95268","fullStatement":"Earth and the Solar System","humanCodingScheme":"ESS1.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"8871bf2f-5d0c-4feb-aaa0-25b136bfeec1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8871bf2f-5d0c-4feb-aaa0-25b136bfeec1","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"05989df9-6d4e-4fd4-b147-009543b29560","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/05989df9-6d4e-4fd4-b147-009543b29560","fullStatement":"Seasonal patterns of sunrise and sunset can be observed, described, and predicted. (1-ESS1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1f39e1d5-b16a-4dd2-b5c1-5fdc8fea1c49","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1f39e1d5-b16a-4dd2-b5c1-5fdc8fea1c49","fullStatement":"Seasons are created by weather patterns for a particular region and time. Local patterns create four distinct seasons. (1-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fe73093e-2cfc-4c1f-b1e7-4d990da62780","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fe73093e-2cfc-4c1f-b1e7-4d990da62780","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"67151bb3-8dcf-422b-a5a1-cf2ad10ee768","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/67151bb3-8dcf-422b-a5a1-cf2ad10ee768","fullStatement":"The orbits of Earth around the Sun and of the Moon around Earth, together with the rotation of Earth about an axis between its North and South poles, cause observable patterns. These include day and night; daily changes in the length and direction of shadows; and different positions of the Sun, Moon, and stars at different times of the day, month, and year. (5-ESS1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"afa60bc6-f0cb-4ebc-82f6-811be40d9855","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/afa60bc6-f0cb-4ebc-82f6-811be40d9855","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"fcce2b4c-b54f-44b0-b573-5046907a42be","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fcce2b4c-b54f-44b0-b573-5046907a42be","fullStatement":"This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the Sun and the Moon. Earth\u2019s spin axis is fixed in direction over the short term but tilted relative to its orbit around the Sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the differential intensity of sunlight on different areas of Earth across the year. (MS-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"85f15478-cd9b-4e82-8616-7199335d6882","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/85f15478-cd9b-4e82-8616-7199335d6882","fullStatement":"The solar system consists of the Sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the Sun by its gravitational pull on them. (MS-ESS-1.2, MS-ESS-1.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"451cc4a0-e0dc-4a9d-bec1-4fc2318db1c7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/451cc4a0-e0dc-4a9d-bec1-4fc2318db1c7","fullStatement":"The solar system appears to have formed from a disk of dust and gas, drawn together by gravity. (MS-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8e2458dd-0e34-429f-ac4a-1534b76879f7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8e2458dd-0e34-429f-ac4a-1534b76879f7","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"13c188b4-9c74-415d-9011-26214642645f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/13c188b4-9c74-415d-9011-26214642645f","fullStatement":"Cyclical changes in the shape of Earth\u2019s orbit around the Sun, together with changes in the tilt of the planet\u2019s axis of rotation, both occurring over hundreds of thousands of years, have altered the intensity and distribution of sunlight falling on the earth. These phenomena cause a cycle of ice ages and other gradual climate variations. (HS-ESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"1dcc2897-b400-400c-9987-d5570d36be5c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1dcc2897-b400-400c-9987-d5570d36be5c","fullStatement":"Kepler\u2019s laws describe common features of the motions of orbiting objects, including their elliptical paths around the Sun. Orbits may change due to the gravitational effects from, or collisions with, other objects in the solar system. (HS-ESS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ed110ca1-dc69-4f97-ade6-a600c03bd477","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ed110ca1-dc69-4f97-ade6-a600c03bd477","fullStatement":"The History of Planet Earth","humanCodingScheme":"ESS1.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"263fbfcf-339d-488b-b662-213f63551705","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/263fbfcf-339d-488b-b662-213f63551705","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"3368b73a-8a4e-4f97-9f51-8942eebcc5a2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3368b73a-8a4e-4f97-9f51-8942eebcc5a2","fullStatement":"Some events happen very quickly; others occur very slowly, over a time period much longer than one can observe. (2-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"7bc6e760-b2a3-47d1-a357-5800bbb4f08c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7bc6e760-b2a3-47d1-a357-5800bbb4f08c","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"149ca5eb-b18f-4084-891f-b8aa14b28624","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/149ca5eb-b18f-4084-891f-b8aa14b28624","fullStatement":"Local, regional, and global patterns of rock formations reveal changes over time due to earth forces, such as earthquakes. The presence and location of certain fossil types indicate the order in which rock layers were formed. (4-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"63cecd26-6afd-41ab-bef4-83924541809a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/63cecd26-6afd-41ab-bef4-83924541809a","fullStatement":"There are three classifications of rocks produced within the rock cycle: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. (4-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c08e6fa1-8914-4a76-9289-343e8599da8a","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c08e6fa1-8914-4a76-9289-343e8599da8a","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"f704ddb4-9d83-4144-9964-78fd91074671","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f704ddb4-9d83-4144-9964-78fd91074671","fullStatement":"Tectonic processes continually generate new ocean sea floor at ridges and destroy old sea floor at trenches. (MS-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"734831e8-5f62-4281-a114-ab1923635609","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/734831e8-5f62-4281-a114-ab1923635609","fullStatement":"The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth\u2019s history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. (MS-ESS-1.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a6049248-76ac-45f4-b873-4a00f5cd350e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a6049248-76ac-45f4-b873-4a00f5cd350e","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"25efb3b5-ab99-479f-b59b-bfb13d07feb1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/25efb3b5-ab99-479f-b59b-bfb13d07feb1","fullStatement":"Continental rocks are generally much older than the rocks of the ocean floor. (HS-ESS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"29932c5c-11a6-424e-a789-59e6f97f9154","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/29932c5c-11a6-424e-a789-59e6f97f9154","fullStatement":"Although active geologic processes, such as plate tectonics and erosion, have destroyed or altered most of the very early rock record on Earth, other objects in the solar system, such as lunar rocks, asteroids, and meteorites, have changed little over billions of years. Studying these objects can provide information about Earth\u2019s formation and early history. (HS-ESS-1.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"dfd91e00-e4f3-45f1-83b6-9690f8374b9d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dfd91e00-e4f3-45f1-83b6-9690f8374b9d","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s Systems","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"a28d2064-90e6-4fcf-813d-984b9e8f0e4b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a28d2064-90e6-4fcf-813d-984b9e8f0e4b","fullStatement":"Earth Materials and Systems","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"de05933d-21da-411d-ab8a-82358275d4e9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/de05933d-21da-411d-ab8a-82358275d4e9","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"d7a88608-8bfb-4c24-83c2-e16db0c22111","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d7a88608-8bfb-4c24-83c2-e16db0c22111","fullStatement":"Wind and water can change the shape of the land. (2-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"914cb431-39f5-4403-8ccd-49f4c4e29395","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/914cb431-39f5-4403-8ccd-49f4c4e29395","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"c778b545-e8be-4e7d-8deb-f5de0f05ee24","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c778b545-e8be-4e7d-8deb-f5de0f05ee24","fullStatement":"Rainfall helps to shape the land and affects the types of living things found in a region. Water, ice, wind, living organisms, and gravity break rocks, soils, and sediments into smaller particles and move them around. (4-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"519b4737-b1ec-4b2d-ad5e-7d6c6cb22677","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/519b4737-b1ec-4b2d-ad5e-7d6c6cb22677","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s major systems are the geosphere (solid and molten rock, soil, and sediments); the hydrosphere (water and ice); the atmosphere (air); and the biosphere (living things, including humans). These systems interact in multiple ways to affect Earth\u2019s surface materials and processes. The ocean supports a variety of ecosystems and organisms, shapes landforms, and influences climate. Winds and clouds in the atmosphere interact with the landforms to determine patterns of weather. (5-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"74941189-3b6e-4a36-a65f-210c9d369474","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/74941189-3b6e-4a36-a65f-210c9d369474","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e502f0d2-bd83-45f5-8d89-02e15471d0be","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e502f0d2-bd83-45f5-8d89-02e15471d0be","fullStatement":"All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and matter cycling within and among the planet\u2019s systems. This energy is derived from the Sun and Earth\u2019s hot interior. The energy that flows and matter that cycles produce chemical and physical changes in Earth\u2019s materials and living organisms. (MS-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5034eeaa-4ce0-48b8-a575-f1810a8525bc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5034eeaa-4ce0-48b8-a575-f1810a8525bc","fullStatement":"The planet\u2019s systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth\u2019s history and will determine its future. (MS-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"adf13c2e-41d2-4cd4-aa9b-f36f6de5ab0c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/adf13c2e-41d2-4cd4-aa9b-f36f6de5ab0c","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"5dc21a81-c1d1-4b96-8f0c-af5f9ad24084","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5dc21a81-c1d1-4b96-8f0c-af5f9ad24084","fullStatement":"Earth\u2019s systems, being dynamic and interacting, cause feedback effects that can increase or decrease the original changes. (HS-ESS-2.1, HS-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"18dce375-3286-423b-84d6-2c4c6958b443","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/18dce375-3286-423b-84d6-2c4c6958b443","fullStatement":"Evidence from deep probes and seismic waves, reconstructions of historical changes in Earth\u2019s surface and its magnetic field, and an understanding of physical and chemical processes lead to a model of Earth with a hot but solid inner core, a liquid outer core, a solid mantle, and crust. Motions of the mantle and its plates occur primarily through thermal convection, which involves the cycling of matter due to the outward flow of energy from Earth\u2019s interior and gravitational movement of denser materials toward the interior. (HS-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"46c1b976-3b70-4706-b8a7-c18ccc5e6dec","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/46c1b976-3b70-4706-b8a7-c18ccc5e6dec","fullStatement":"The geological record shows that changes to global and regional climate can be caused by interactions among changes in the Sun\u2019s energy output or Earth\u2019s orbit, tectonic events, ocean circulation, volcanic activity, glaciers, vegetation, and human activities. These changes can occur on a variety of time scales from sudden (e.g., volcanic ash clouds) to intermediate (e.g., ice ages) to very long-term tectonic cycles. (HS-ESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"484cc941-82c6-4d10-88f5-ebf540532a45","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/484cc941-82c6-4d10-88f5-ebf540532a45","fullStatement":"Plate Tectonics and Large-Scale System Interactions","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2.B","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"b32e9109-8e03-42e7-82ce-0aaf978c9503","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b32e9109-8e03-42e7-82ce-0aaf978c9503","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"6cc7fe33-2923-4cc5-bc02-15a8d99dbb80","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6cc7fe33-2923-4cc5-bc02-15a8d99dbb80","fullStatement":"Maps show where things are located. One can map the shapes and kinds of land and water in any area. (2-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4ec9d602-e5fc-47cd-919d-07278c3887ac","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4ec9d602-e5fc-47cd-919d-07278c3887ac","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"2e5ed714-6211-4ba5-ad50-c5e6a5825d11","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2e5ed714-6211-4ba5-ad50-c5e6a5825d11","fullStatement":"The locations of mountain ranges, deep ocean trenches, ocean floor structures, earthquakes, and volcanoes occur in patterns. Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur in bands that are often along the boundaries between continents and oceans. Major mountain chains form inside continents or near their edges. Maps can help locate the different land and water features in different areas of Earth. (4-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b6c16545-d19a-4df9-b2d2-3ce56a8f15a9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b6c16545-d19a-4df9-b2d2-3ce56a8f15a9","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"1c0400de-9e7d-4c8e-b0a2-aa6810ecf8ee","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/1c0400de-9e7d-4c8e-b0a2-aa6810ecf8ee","fullStatement":"Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth\u2019s plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. (MS-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"9e709032-e832-421f-85a6-4b6e87a80532","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/9e709032-e832-421f-85a6-4b6e87a80532","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"209abd16-90c3-4e6f-bf35-8cb9dc93c638","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/209abd16-90c3-4e6f-bf35-8cb9dc93c638","fullStatement":"Plate tectonics is the unifying theory that explains the past and current movements of the rocks at Earth\u2019s surface and provides a framework for understanding its geologic history. (HSESS-1.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4a668c11-bf19-45d5-8017-84242aa9f464","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4a668c11-bf19-45d5-8017-84242aa9f464","fullStatement":"The radioactive decay of unstable isotopes continually generates new energy within Earth\u2019s crust and mantle, providing the primary source of the heat that drives mantle convection. Plate tectonics can be viewed as the surface expression of mantle convection. (HS-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a97da462-0166-491b-b8b4-6d0510a72196","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a97da462-0166-491b-b8b4-6d0510a72196","fullStatement":"Plate tectonics is the unifying theory that explains the past and current movements of the rocks at Earth\u2019s surface and provides a framework for understanding its geologic history. Plate movements are responsible for most continental and ocean-floor features and for the distribution of most rocks and minerals within Earth\u2019s crust. (HS-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"3ce0adde-d9a1-42b0-95da-1804db5a78da","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3ce0adde-d9a1-42b0-95da-1804db5a78da","fullStatement":"The Roles of Water in Earth\u2019s Surface Processes","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2.C","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"08b09feb-5745-45fe-820f-67b4ce8981ad","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/08b09feb-5745-45fe-820f-67b4ce8981ad","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e4e9b419-e7d5-4cf2-b156-1af23910d21d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e4e9b419-e7d5-4cf2-b156-1af23910d21d","fullStatement":"Water is found in the ocean, rivers, lakes, and ponds. Water exists as solid ice and in liquid form. (2-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"94563e94-f1c2-4712-bc28-82983281fa13","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/94563e94-f1c2-4712-bc28-82983281fa13","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"38b0348d-c455-4591-886f-4dd8b61e7b12","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/38b0348d-c455-4591-886f-4dd8b61e7b12","fullStatement":"Nearly all of Earth\u2019s available water is in the ocean. Most freshwater is in glaciers or underground; only a tiny fraction is in streams, lakes, wetlands, and the atmosphere. (5-ESS2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"fd82dd97-65ed-47d0-9ec5-37885afed375","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fd82dd97-65ed-47d0-9ec5-37885afed375","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"8eac7506-dc0f-40e0-b459-f97ce2be38ed","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8eac7506-dc0f-40e0-b459-f97ce2be38ed","fullStatement":"Water\u2019s movements\u2014both on the land and underground\u2014cause weathering and erosion, which change the land\u2019s surface features and create underground formations. (MS-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5ec14f3c-4633-4e22-b04c-5b26942c734e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5ec14f3c-4633-4e22-b04c-5b26942c734e","fullStatement":"Water continually cycles among land, ocean, and atmosphere via transpiration, evaporation, condensation, crystallization, percolation, and precipitation, as well as downhill flows on land. (MS-ESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"382b2fa7-5ecf-40f0-ab4f-a1e1b32518cb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/382b2fa7-5ecf-40f0-ab4f-a1e1b32518cb","fullStatement":"Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. (MS-ESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"ed1305eb-0cec-474b-b55a-4cfa4bed1814","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ed1305eb-0cec-474b-b55a-4cfa4bed1814","fullStatement":"The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. (MS-ESS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"cbf7da9c-4708-485f-a8a4-ced7811cf4c9","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/cbf7da9c-4708-485f-a8a4-ced7811cf4c9","fullStatement":"Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. (MS-ESS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"6d9eead3-be48-4a5d-8c49-7b4853eb76bc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6d9eead3-be48-4a5d-8c49-7b4853eb76bc","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"4e16bc82-5045-422e-82d0-42ed8b507585","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4e16bc82-5045-422e-82d0-42ed8b507585","fullStatement":"The abundance of liquid water on Earth\u2019s surface and its unique combination of physical and chemical properties are central to the planet\u2019s dynamics. These properties include water\u2019s exceptional capacity to absorb, store, and release large amounts of energy; transmit sunlight; expand upon freezing; dissolve and transport materials; and lower the viscosities and melting points of rocks. (HS-ESS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e4d4fa7b-1bef-469f-aa19-c851e30475bc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e4d4fa7b-1bef-469f-aa19-c851e30475bc","fullStatement":"Weather and Climate","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2.D","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"81dd26e7-dd0f-4169-a78b-c55d3e574aab","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/81dd26e7-dd0f-4169-a78b-c55d3e574aab","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"0c495719-6f41-4efe-b71e-8c45fd25c679","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0c495719-6f41-4efe-b71e-8c45fd25c679","fullStatement":"Weather is the combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region, at a particular time. People measure these conditions to describe and record patterns over time. (K-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"5f508629-53bd-4849-8c14-3346de6e2360","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5f508629-53bd-4849-8c14-3346de6e2360","fullStatement":"The four seasons occur in a specific order due to their weather patterns. (K-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"15a05565-8713-4b16-8232-7e72acf84132","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/15a05565-8713-4b16-8232-7e72acf84132","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"0a086379-f64b-4eb0-b0a8-c8d1da9b148c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0a086379-f64b-4eb0-b0a8-c8d1da9b148c","fullStatement":"Scientists record patterns of the weather across different times and areas so that they can make predictions about what kind of weather might happen next. (3-ESS-1.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"43d72b15-2022-42e8-a367-b02c19996b48","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/43d72b15-2022-42e8-a367-b02c19996b48","fullStatement":"Climate describes a range of an area's typical weather conditions and the extent to which those conditions vary over years. (3-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"df6b08af-12b3-4c48-84a0-94e5f601ee56","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/df6b08af-12b3-4c48-84a0-94e5f601ee56","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"27ac01aa-8ec0-4286-ba78-01114b2442b1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/27ac01aa-8ec0-4286-ba78-01114b2442b1","fullStatement":"Because these patterns are so complex, weather can only be predicted using probability. (MSESS-2.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"e5b0b504-0091-49da-9966-0ff34b75e28f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e5b0b504-0091-49da-9966-0ff34b75e28f","fullStatement":"Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atmospheric flow patterns. (MS-ESS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a80e671f-cf98-413f-8052-630009d301ba","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a80e671f-cf98-413f-8052-630009d301ba","fullStatement":"The ocean exerts a major influence on weather and climate by absorbing energy from the Sun, releasing it over time, and globally redistributing it through ocean currents. (MS-ESS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"78f39377-1cb4-4a1f-93e9-aac20583445f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/78f39377-1cb4-4a1f-93e9-aac20583445f","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"83ab889c-74c2-4f15-940c-7683c2c895f7","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/83ab889c-74c2-4f15-940c-7683c2c895f7","fullStatement":"The foundation for Earth\u2019s global climate systems is the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun, as well as its reflection, absorption, storage, and redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and land systems, and this energy\u2019s re-radiation into space. (HS-ESS-2.2, HS-ESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c2791480-374f-455c-abc5-1729b37a182c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c2791480-374f-455c-abc5-1729b37a182c","fullStatement":"Changes in carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere affect climate. (HS-ESS-2.6, HSESS-2.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"92538190-d93b-4a58-8753-a70bfaa2302e","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/92538190-d93b-4a58-8753-a70bfaa2302e","fullStatement":"Gradual atmospheric changes were due to plants and other organisms that captured carbon dioxide and released oxygen. (HS-ESS-2.6, HS-ESS-2.7)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"62167929-db9d-400a-8b54-ad0613642805","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/62167929-db9d-400a-8b54-ad0613642805","fullStatement":"Current models project that average global temperatures will continue to rise. The outcomes projected by these models depend on the amounts of greenhouse gases added to the atmosphere each year and the ways these gases are stored by Earth\u2019s systems. (HS-ESS-3.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2f74897d-30b1-4586-aa05-792e7f4a69e8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2f74897d-30b1-4586-aa05-792e7f4a69e8","fullStatement":"Biogeology","humanCodingScheme":"ESS2.E","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"be68a735-3360-4134-9d7a-842ef7607961","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/be68a735-3360-4134-9d7a-842ef7607961","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"6f3d4b0d-1613-460b-b1d4-0b5e98875799","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6f3d4b0d-1613-460b-b1d4-0b5e98875799","fullStatement":"Plants and animals can change their environment. (K-ESS-1.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"51d3cf2b-aadc-456d-95a4-be2c574766ed","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/51d3cf2b-aadc-456d-95a4-be2c574766ed","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"04e53dac-3946-48b4-9f5c-a71775516419","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/04e53dac-3946-48b4-9f5c-a71775516419","fullStatement":"Living things affect the physical characteristics of their regions. Examples could include a beaver constructing a dam to create a pond or tree roots breaking a rock. (4-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4524ffb6-8baa-4525-9596-6ef8a244018c","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4524ffb6-8baa-4525-9596-6ef8a244018c","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"bba7b924-1aa4-4a70-acda-4c427187e08b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bba7b924-1aa4-4a70-acda-4c427187e08b","fullStatement":"The many dynamic and delicate feedbacks between the biosphere and other Earth systems cause a continual co-evolution of Earth\u2019s surface and the life that exists on it. (ESS2-HS-7)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"44c92acd-465b-44ff-a2cf-4cc3e92a3648","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/44c92acd-465b-44ff-a2cf-4cc3e92a3648","fullStatement":"Earth and Human Activity","humanCodingScheme":"ESS3","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Idea","identifier":"5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/5568bb1c-e044-4401-8c5d-93bb0a1fbe3f"}},{"identifier":"4156460a-ebc3-493c-bf56-b8169caae164","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4156460a-ebc3-493c-bf56-b8169caae164","fullStatement":"Natural Resources","humanCodingScheme":"ESS3.A","CFItemType":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Disciplinary Core Sub-Idea","identifier":"82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/82b09ec5-a845-4b2e-98b9-9067a1b42019"}},{"identifier":"f5dd9672-2a8f-4141-abf2-d2260c749061","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f5dd9672-2a8f-4141-abf2-d2260c749061","fullStatement":"Primary School (K\u20132)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"20a18574-414d-408b-af3d-44512ced1944","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/20a18574-414d-408b-af3d-44512ced1944","fullStatement":"Living things need water, air, and resources from the land. They live in places that have the things they need. (K-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"62ed9da5-3716-40d7-8cd3-67f47baf699d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/62ed9da5-3716-40d7-8cd3-67f47baf699d","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"8fa425c0-ab48-4724-a82a-20d03f9d5a6b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8fa425c0-ab48-4724-a82a-20d03f9d5a6b","fullStatement":"Energy and fuels that are modified from natural sources affect the environment in multiple ways. Some resources are renewable over time, and others are not. (4-ESS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4042a847-1a61-439f-83ca-acbaec5d6dd3","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4042a847-1a61-439f-83ca-acbaec5d6dd3","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"87bd564a-2ef5-45a7-9166-a7a5a62d70d1","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/87bd564a-2ef5-45a7-9166-a7a5a62d70d1","fullStatement":"Humans depend on Earth\u2019s land, ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere for many different resources. Minerals, fresh water, and biosphere resources are limited, and many are not renewable or replaceable over human lifetimes. These resources are distributed unevenly around the planet as a result of past geologic processes. (MS-ESS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"4d13d803-8c2a-4a94-8840-1793f923b3fa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/4d13d803-8c2a-4a94-8840-1793f923b3fa","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"73a1832e-3e3f-4a37-946a-3c33441315a6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/73a1832e-3e3f-4a37-946a-3c33441315a6","fullStatement":"Resource availability has guided the development of human society. 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(K-ESS-2.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f642cedf-b118-4cdf-a28f-fdb1005583ee","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f642cedf-b118-4cdf-a28f-fdb1005583ee","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"6a22a26e-a042-4853-bef9-f782dffc16be","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6a22a26e-a042-4853-bef9-f782dffc16be","fullStatement":"A variety of natural hazards result from natural processes. 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(4-ESS3.2)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"a3db4f9b-91a1-46a9-90fd-00fada4979be","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a3db4f9b-91a1-46a9-90fd-00fada4979be","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"b7b34ad4-0399-40a9-af5a-f22a526aecaa","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b7b34ad4-0399-40a9-af5a-f22a526aecaa","fullStatement":"Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces, can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. 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(K-ESS-2.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"f493eefc-fc6f-470f-a100-35c253395764","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f493eefc-fc6f-470f-a100-35c253395764","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"e0ae4d1f-d6d0-426a-af09-5aad63901ef5","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/e0ae4d1f-d6d0-426a-af09-5aad63901ef5","fullStatement":"Human activities in agriculture, industry, and everyday life have effects on the land, vegetation, streams, ocean, air, and even outer space. 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(5-ESS-3.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"b0425a64-7325-4119-803d-dadd7f07437b","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/b0425a64-7325-4119-803d-dadd7f07437b","fullStatement":"Middle School (6\u20138)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"0cce4f45-3a96-412c-82d9-08888b7042e2","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0cce4f45-3a96-412c-82d9-08888b7042e2","fullStatement":"Human activities can positively and negatively influence the biosphere, sometimes altering natural habitats and ecosystems. (MS-ESS-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"c7bab70e-0284-4c0d-836a-dc22a484a07d","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c7bab70e-0284-4c0d-836a-dc22a484a07d","fullStatement":"Technology and engineering can potentially help us best manage natural resources as populations increase. (MS-ESS-3.3, MS-ESS-3.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"8db37cc2-ec71-46cb-85c8-d66a3d3d963f","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8db37cc2-ec71-46cb-85c8-d66a3d3d963f","fullStatement":"Current scientific models indicate that human activities, such as the release of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion, can contribute to the present-day measured rise in Earth\u2019s mean surface temperature. Natural activities, such as changes in incoming solar radiation, also contribute to changing global temperatures. (MS-ESS-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["06","07","08"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"0b668347-d691-48e1-a1d1-ce164ad1d552","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0b668347-d691-48e1-a1d1-ce164ad1d552","fullStatement":"High School (9\u201312)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"31b178e5-2d1d-42a0-abde-bc10d5e8efdb","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/31b178e5-2d1d-42a0-abde-bc10d5e8efdb","fullStatement":"The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires responsible management of natural resources. (HS-ESS-3.3)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"7f86f100-92b6-4fe6-8621-5f250a32a4c6","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/7f86f100-92b6-4fe6-8621-5f250a32a4c6","fullStatement":"Scientists and engineers can make major contributions by developing technologies that produce less pollution and waste and that preclude ecosystem degradation. (HS-ESS-3.4)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"2585843c-1ac3-4510-bd82-6153893ba586","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2585843c-1ac3-4510-bd82-6153893ba586","fullStatement":"Human abilities to model, predict, and manage current and future effects on Earth\u2019s systems are improving with advancing technologies. (HS-ESS-3.5)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"52fde50b-8549-4b06-a66f-e8fecf5a1790","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/52fde50b-8549-4b06-a66f-e8fecf5a1790","fullStatement":"Through computer simulations and scientific research, important discoveries are still being made about how the ocean, the atmosphere, and the biosphere interact and are influenced by human activities. 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(HS-LS-2.6)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["09","10","11","12"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"27621736-c0c0-46cd-9718-ee97b9fe8f06","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/27621736-c0c0-46cd-9718-ee97b9fe8f06","fullStatement":"When evaluating solutions, it is important to take into account a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, and to consider social, cultural, and environmental factors. 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(2-ESS-2.1)","CFItemType":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","educationLevel":["KG","01","02"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level Sub-Idea","identifier":"8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/8f884239-d7af-43cc-bd64-28aa245c5a74"}},{"identifier":"43d789a3-4d9b-4d96-ae4e-4642d87411b8","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/43d789a3-4d9b-4d96-ae4e-4642d87411b8","fullStatement":"Elementary School (3\u20135)","CFItemType":"Grade Level","educationLevel":["03","04","05"],"language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2025-05-02T23:34:24+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Grade Level","identifier":"b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/b6cbdb69-2d42-4abc-ad3b-c56345706bfc"}},{"identifier":"900b0593-9890-455c-9614-3dc4fc751d66","uri":"https://nest.edu.idaho.gov/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/900b0593-9890-455c-9614-3dc4fc751d66","fullStatement":"Different solutions need to be tested in order to determine which of them best solves the problem, given the criteria and the constraints. 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